Properties

• General Properties are characteristics that are present in all kinds of matter.
• Volume is the amount of space occupied by matter.
• Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
• Weight is the measure of force that acts on an object (gravitational force) and is expressed as the amount of matter (mass) multiplied by the gravitational force that acts on it.
• Specific Gravity is the ratio of a substance’s density to a standard substance (constant value) and is also known as relative density.
• Chemical Properties are changes in composition.
• Physical Properties are changes in physical appearance.
• Physical Properties are qualities that are readily observable or measurable without changing the matter’s composition.
• Solubility is the ability of a solute to dissolve in a given solvent.
• Water is the universal solvent.
• Metallic Properties are observed specifically in metals.
• Malleability is a metallic property that refers to the ability of a material to be flattened.
• Conductivity is a metallic property that refers to the ability of a material to allow heat/electricity to pass through it.
• Ductility is a metallic property that refers to the ability of a material to be easily drawn into wires.
• Weight is expressed in Newtons (N)
• The unit for mass is grams (g) or kilograms (kg)
• General Properties:

  • Volume
  • Mass
  • Weight
  • Specific Gravity
• Weight is the measure of gravitational force that acts on an object.
• Weight is expressed as the amount of matter (mass) multiplied by the gravitational force that acts on it.
• 9.8m/s² is the gravity of the Earth.
• • Formula: W = (mg) wherein the mass of the object (M) is multiplied by gravity/acceleration due to gravity (G), 9.8m/s².
• Newton discovered gravity through the Laws of Motion.
• The higher the gravitational force, the more the weight.
• Volume can be measured using instruments with graduations (graduated cylinder) or by getting the dimensions of the object and applying mathematical equations.
• • Liquid unit: milliliters (mL) or liters (L)
• Solid unit: cubic centimeters (cm3) or the cubic meters (m3).
• Specific Gravity - the ratio of a substance’s density to a standard substance (constant value).
• Specific Gravity is also known as relative density.
• Specific Gravity is a dimensionless quality wherein no physical dimension is assigned.
• Formula for Specific Gravity: P = M/V
• Physical Properties:

  • Size
  • Color
  • Shape
  • Texture
  • Boiling point
  • Melting point
  • Freezing point
  • Solubility
  • Metallic properties
• Color – refers to the color of an element, compound, or mixture.
• Physical Properties include General Properties.
• Melting Point - the temperature in which solid turns to liquid
• Freezing Point - the temperature wherein liquid turns to solid
• Boiling Point - temperature wherein liquid turns to gas/evaporates
• Gas to Solid: Deposition
• Solubility - the ability of a solute to dissolve in a given solvent
• Water - the universal solvent
• Metallic Properties - observed specifically in metals