AnaPath (Prelims)

• Anatomy is the study of the structures and relationships between body parts.
• Physiology is the study of the function of body parts and the body as a whole.
• Gross anatomy (Microscopic) is a study of body parts visible to the naked eye, such as the heart or bones.
• Vital Organs include the Brain, Heart, Lungs, Liver, Kidneys, and more.
• The Chemical Level of organization in the human body is represented by atoms, which combine to form molecules.
• The Cellular level is the smallest living units in organisms, containing organelles with specific functions.
• Tissue level consists of different groups of cells that perform a function, including Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nervous tissues.
• Organ Level consists of different types of tissues that perform a common function.
• Organ Systems consist of different organs that work closely together.
• Organism is the highest level of organization in the human body.
• Cells are the smallest unit of life, exhibiting all characteristics of life, and are highly organized and many become specialized for complex functions.
• Cell theory states that all living things are composed of cells, cells are functional and structural units of all organizations, and all cells are derived from previously existing cells.
• Enzymes are catalysts of living cells, are highly specific in terms of the “substrate” with which they react, and are subject to a variety of cellular controls.
• The atomic mass/weight of an element is the average mass of all naturally occurring isotopes.
• Organs in the Human Body include the Adrenal gland, Anus, Appendix, Bladder, Bones, Bone Narrow, Brain, Bronchi, Diaphragm, Heart, Hypothalamus, Joints, Kidneys, Large Intestine, Larynx, Liver, Lungs, Lymph Nodes, Pancreas, Pineal gland, Parathyroid glands, Pharynx, Pituitary gland, Prostate, Rectum, Salivary glands, Skeletal muscles, Thymus gland, Thyroid, Trancheas, Tongue, Ureters, Nerves, Ligaments, Testes, Epididymis, Vas deferens, Seminal Vesicles, bulbourethral gland, Penis, Scrotum, Subcutaneous tissue, Foramen Ovale, Ears, Oesophagus, Eyes, Fallopian tube, Gallbladder, Olfactory Epit
• Brain is the body's control center
• Heart pumps the blood and oxygen around the body
• Lungs brings oxygen into our bodies and sendncarbon dioxide out
• Liver filters all the blood in the body and breakdown poisonous substances
• Kidney removes wastes and extra fluid from your body
• Cell theory is a fundamental scientific theory of biology according to which cells are held to be basic units of all living tissues
• Homeostasis is an any self regulating process by which biological systems tend to maintain stability while adjusting conditions that are optimal for survival
• blood cells is a type of cells in the human body that form transporting oxygen throughout the body to fighting infection, cells of the blood are vital to life
• Stem cell is a type of cells in the human body that is unspecialized and have the ability to develop specialized cells to specific organs or to develop into tissues
• Bone cell is a type of cells in the human body that that is mineralized connective tissue anz major component of the skeletal system
• Muscle cells is a type of cells in the human body that is important to bodily movement
• Fat cells is a type of cells in the human body that is a major cell component of adipose tissue
• Skin cells is a type of cells in the human body that protects internal structures in the body
• Nerve cells is a type of cells in the human body that is the basic unit of nervous system
• Endothelial cells is a type of cells in the human body that form the inner lining of the cardiovascular system and lymphatic system structures
• Sex cells is a type of cells in the human body that are resproductive cells produced in male and female organs
• Pancreatic cells is a type of cells in the human body that functions are both exocrine and endocrine organ
• Cancer cells is a type of cells in the human body that is results from the development of abnormal properties in normal cells that enable them to divide uncontrollably and spread the other locations
• The different parts of cell is the cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm
• Cell membrane is a part of cell that controls the substances that go in and out the cells
• Nucleus is part of cells that controls and regulates the activities of the cell and carries genes, structures that contains the hereditary information
• Cytoplasm is a part of cells that contain all the materials needed by the cell to carry on its life processes
• Layers of skin are epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis
• Signal transdunctuon is the transmission of molecular signalsnfrom a cell exterior to its interior
• Paracrinje signalling is a cell communication by releasing signaling molecules that bind to activate cells