Nursing test 1

Created by

Marissa Mazza

Cards (131)

What is the average adult body temperature?
37.0 C, 98.6 F
what is the average rate of pulse?
60 - 100 (average 80)
Where do you check a pulse
Apical pulse/ PMI, temporal, carotid, brachial, redial, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis
What is the sound of heart beat to determine the rhythm
Lub dub
how does age affect pulse?
older people had a decreased pulse rate
what factors affect pulse rate?
age, biological sex, physical activity, body temperature, stress, medications, diseases
how does exercise affect pulse rate?
pulse increases are metabolic demand increases
well- conditioned athletes have a lower resting pulse
What is tachycardia?
a rapid heart rate
What is bradycardia?
a pulse rate below 60 beats per min in an adult
What is a pulse deficit?
Counting of the pulse at the apex of the heart and at the radial artery simultaneously is used to assess the apical–radial pulse rate. A difference between the apical and radial pulse rates is called the pulse deficit and indicates that all of the heartbeats are not reaching the peripheral arteries or are too weak to be palpated.
What is the average respiratory rate for an adult?
12 to 20
the depth for respiration
varies from shallow to deep
the respiratory rhythm
Respiratory rhythm is normally regular; the breaths and the pauses between occur at evenly spaced intervals. An irregular respiratory rhythm occurs when the breaths and pauses between beats occur at unequal, varied intervals
what is tachypnea?
increased respiratory rate of more than 24 breaths per min
what is bradypnea?
a decrease in respiratory rate less than 10 breaths per min
what is apnea?
a period during which there is no breathing
what is Dyspnea?
difficult or labored breathing (shortness of breath)
What is orthopnea?
shortness of breath when lying flat; relieved by sitting or standing
What is orthopnea associated with?
pulmonary edema, heart disease, and various chronic respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
What is Cheyne-Stokes
Alternating periods of deep, rapid breathing followed by periods pf apnea
what is ventilation
Movement of air in and out of the lungs
what is diffusion
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli of lungs and circulating blood
what is perfusion
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and tissue cells
What is blood pressure?
the force of the moving blood against arterial walls
What is systolic pressure?
highest point of pressure on arterial walls when the ventricles contract
What is the diastolic pressure?
least amount of pressure exerted on arterial walls, which occurs when the heart is at rest between ventricular contractions
what are Korotkoff sounds?
series of sounds that correspond to changes in blood flow through an artery as pressure is released
what is blood volume?
average amount of blood
what is circulatory status
affect your heart and blood vessels and make it harder for blood to flow throughout your body.
what affects blood pressure
age, gender, race, circadian rhythm, food intake, exercise, weight, emotional state, body positions, and drugs and medications
how age affects blood pressure
The older adult has decreased elasticity of the arteries, which increases peripheral resistance and, therefore, increases blood pressure
How does sex affect blood pressure
Women usually have lower blood pressure than men of the same age until menopause
how does activity affect blood pressure
Systolic blood pressure rises during periods of exercise and strenuous activity
how does the position you're in affect blood pressure?
Blood pressure tends to be lower in a prone or supine position than when sitting or standing.
what is orthostatic hypotension
A decrease in systolic blood pressure of ≥ 20 mm Hg OR a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of ≥ 10 mm Hg within 3 minutes of standing when compared with blood pressure from the sitting or supine position
what is the acceptable reading for oxygen saturation
95% to 100%
how do you get an assessment of pain?
ask with a pain scale
when can you not take someone's blood pressure?
if they had a Mastectomy, a dialysis shunt or an IV in their arm
when can you not take someone's temperature
oral- if they had just eaten or drank something, they are unconscious, a mouth breather, or if they are wearing a mask
rectal- no on a confused patient or if they have sensitive skin around the rectum
tympanic- if they have an ear infection or lots of wax
virtal signs should be taken
On admission (for a baseline), per policy, change in condion, loss of consciousness. before or after surgery, before and after risky activities, and after some medications