English Civil War

• When was James 1 made king?


  1603
• Millenary Petition date?


  1604
• Debt for James left by Elizabeth?

  £420,000
• Why was the debt left by Elizabeth not a big problem?

  There was still £300,000 of a grant by parliament to come in that was promised by parliament in 1601. £100,000 of the debt was owed to landowners who paid a forced loan in the 1590's but had given up waiting for it to be repaid.
• What was the fall in subsidies from 1558-1621?


  from £137,000 to only £72,500
• How many extra courtiers did James have than Elizabeth?

  20
• Who was James Hay and why was he important to the British Economy?

  He was the Earl of Carlisle who was James' favourite and incredibly extravagant to the point where he would spend thousands on one meal and received estimate £400,000 from James in his reign.
• When had customs duties last been updated when James took over the throne?

  The reign of Mary 1
• what did James change to customs duties at the start of his reign and how did this effect Royal Finances?

  Hired customs farmers who would have to collect a certain amount of customs duties which reduced the chance for smuggling. However, eventually customs duties benefitted customs farmers more than the government and James' should have kept the old system.
• What was Bates' case and when was it?


  1606, John Bates refused to pay impositions on currants, he was taken to court and it was ruled that he must pay and this was valuable to the British Government because it made other merchants have to pay for their goods.
• What was the Book of Rates and when was it published?

  1608, The Book of Rates was a list of 1000 luxury items which impositions could be charged on. This generated £70,000 for the crown.
• How did Salisbury increase James' income?

  Given the job in 1608, He did the following to generate income:

  • Followed up on those who owed money to the crown.
  • Sold off useless Crownland
  • Increased the entry fine for Crownland tennants.
• What was Salisbury's Book of Bounty?

  Courtiers were able to apply for grants through the Court of Exchequer to ensure that they would not get special treatment.
• How much an impact did Salisbury's reforms have on the Royal Treasury?

  Royal income increased by an extra £100,000 a year.
• Why did the Great Contract fail?

  James demanded too much and parliament ultimately broke down in negotiations.
• What did James end in the 1610 parliament that severely affected royal finances?

  Impositions, as many MPs argued that impositions could not be legalised just because of Bates' case and instead, the consent of parliament was needed if anymore impositions were to be charged.
• What MP in James' reign was able to take leadership of the House of Commons and sabotaged James plan of a union between England and Scotland?

  Sir Edwin Sandys
• List of reasons why parliament and James disagreed?

  • Sir Edwin Sandys leading opposition
  • The death of Salibury in 1612 left only mediocre advisers for James
  • Overbury Scandal 1614
  • Divide in parliament over whether to have peaceful foreign policy
  • Parliament not interested in helping James financial problems
• Why was the Treaty of London considered succesful?

  • England kept Brill and Flushing towns which boomed trade
  • English solidiers transferred peacefully to Dutch Regiments.
  • The heavy taxation and loss of life stopped
• Why was the Julich-Cleves Dispute important?

  • Showed James skill as a mediator
  • Allowed his daughter to marry Frederick of the Palatinate which brought Protestantism in Europe closer
• What did James do militarily after the failed Spanish Match?

  Allowed a small mercenary army under Mansfield to travel to the Palatinate to take it back which failed due to disease and starvation
• Why did the parliament of 1621 fail?

  • Circumstance: Serious trade depression in 1620. Harvest failure 1621.
  • Monopolies: Sir Giles Mompesson is an example of a monpolist who was impeached for ill practice.
  • Factions: Sir Edward Coke and Lionel Cranfield took advantage of the divisions and impeached Sir Francis Bacon.
  • Money: Parliament refused to vote the £1 million pounds needed for war in Europe
• Why did the parliament of 1624 fail?

  • The failed Spanish Match made parliament angry and made the need for a European war worse. Parliament still disagreed to pay enough subsidies
• How strong was the Church of England at the beginning of James reign?

  • Parish Priests were paid very little which led to pluralism and absenteeism.
  • Puritans were hated by James for being radical troublemakers.
  • England wanted to avoid being like Germany which was weak due to division caused by religion
• How much was achieved by the Hampton Court Conference?

  • Pluralism was stopped by paying the clergy more.
  • 1604 Book of Common Prayer
  • 1611 King James Bible
• What was James attitude to Roman Catholics?

  He would allow toleration as believed that many of them were loyal subjects who were doing nothing overtly wrong. They would only have to attend the Church of England services in order for James to be happy.
• What was the Bye Plot?

  The Bye Plot was a plan to kidnap James and place him in the Tower of London in order that he would promise greater toleration for Catholics.
• How great of an impact did the gunpowder Plot have?

  Further fuelled hatred for Catholics. Recusancy fines increased.