Chapter 1 : At the turn of the 20th C.

Cards (51)

  • The American Civil War
    1861-1865
  • The American civil war opposed the United States (Grant & Lincoln - The "Union") againts the Confederate States (Jefferson David, Lee)
  • The American Civil war was caused by the dispute over slavery and there was between 600,000 and 1 million deaths
  • Foote : "Before the civil war, the US were a federation of states"
  • After the Civil war, The US were in a time of reconstruction with the Second industrial revolution and industrial development
  • Reconstruction of the US : Building infrastructures (roads) so there was a need of raw material (steel, coal...) as well as a need of work force and money.
  • What changed during the Reconstruction of the US ?
    Labor changed (apparition of the middle class) and businesses expanded (apparition of Capitalism)
  • What new things appeared in the US during the Reconstruction ?
    New technologies (industrial revolution & development), new goods and consumerism (Capitalism)
  • What myths about the US was created after the Reconstruction ?
    The American dream & the Self-made man
  • Urbanisation appeared after the Civil War. It meant that cities were developing : growing upward and outward, there was more jobs and basically more opportunities
  • 1880-1910s was a period of massive...
    Immigration
  • Peak of immigrants per year in the early 20th ?
    1 million per year
  • "Old immigration"
    People from Western and Northern Europe
  • "New immigration"
    People from Eastern & Southern Europe, Asia
  • The Reconstruction's efforts concerning Racism & segregation were swept away by ? (In Florida)
    By the Jim Crow Laws
  • Date of the First Jim Crow Law separating "Black" and "White" housing
    1887
  • The 'Civil Rights Cases' : the federal government can't protect Black people from discrimination.
  • the "Civil Rights Cases”
    1883
  • Plessy v. Ferguson; the idea of “separated but equal” (arrêt de la Cour Suprême des US)

    1896
  • Cumming v. Board of Education : segregation to schools
    1899
  • Officially no land without settlers
    1890
  • Number of New states by 1900
    14 new States
  • James Monroe became president in
    1823
  • Under Monroe's presidency, the western hemisphere was no longer open to colonization
  • Under Monroe presidency :
    • European efforts to control or influence the region would be seen as a threat to US security
    • The US wished for a certain “isolationism”
  • In the 1820s, The US wished for a certain...

    Isolationism
  • Date when Theodore Roosevelt added the right for the US to intervene in Latin America to protect its economic interests
    1904
  • In 1904, Roosevelt added the right for the US to intervene in Latin America to protect its economic interests. What did it changed for the International status of the US ?

    Transformed the idea of "Pan-Americanism" to "American Imperialism"
  • What is the idea “Pan-Americanism”
    A federation of Western hemisphere nations
  • What are the 3 theories of American Imperialism
    Economic exploitations, Humanitarian idealism and Defense
  • Capitalist societies :
    First production of goods, second they MUST be sold
  • Capitalists societies (as the US) seek underdeveloped nations for 3 things
    Exploit raw materials, Invest their money and sell their products
  • Economic exploitation (American Imperialism) Businesses pressured the government to provide profitable conditions.
  • Economic exploitation (American Imperialism) : Acquiring new markets abroad translates into jobs and economic growth at home
  • Humanitarian Idealism in the US is about the myth of Manifest destiny, the American exceptionalism and the idea that the US must spread these ideals
  • Myth of Manifest Destiny says that
    Americans have a mission
  • What makes American exceptionalism ? (Ils prennent la grosse tête)
    Democracy, freedom and progress
  • Defense under American imperalism needed
    A navy for protection. this navy needed to move freely between the Pacific and the Atlantic ocean.
  • The US helped a revolution in Columbia, Panama became independent in 1903. the US signed a treaty to build, own, and control the Panama Canal (until 1999). This contributed to the idea of American Imperialism
  • Panama became independent in

    1903