The American civil war opposed the UnitedStates (Grant & Lincoln - The "Union") againts the Confederate States (JeffersonDavid, Lee)
The American Civil war was caused by the dispute over slavery and there was between 600,000 and 1 million deaths
Foote : "Before the civil war, the US were a federation of states"
After the Civil war, The US were in a time of reconstruction with the Second industrialrevolution and industrial development
Reconstruction of the US : Building infrastructures (roads) so there was a need of raw material (steel, coal...) as well as a need of workforce and money.
What changed during the Reconstruction of the US ?
Labor changed (apparition of the middle class) and businesses expanded (apparition of Capitalism)
What new things appeared in the US during the Reconstruction ?
New technologies (industrial revolution & development), new goods and consumerism (Capitalism)
What myths about the US was created after the Reconstruction ?
The American dream & the Self-made man
Urbanisation appeared after the Civil War. It meant that cities were developing : growing upward and outward, there was more jobs and basically more opportunities
1880-1910s was a period of massive...
Immigration
Peak of immigrants per year in the early 20th ?
1million per year
"Old immigration"
People from Western and Northern Europe
"New immigration"
People from Eastern & SouthernEurope, Asia
The Reconstruction's efforts concerning Racism & segregation were swept away by ? (In Florida)
By the Jim Crow Laws
Date of the First Jim Crow Law separating "Black" and "White" housing
1887
The 'Civil Rights Cases' : the federal governmentcan't protect Black people from discrimination.
the "Civil Rights Cases”
1883
Plessy v. Ferguson; the idea of “separated but equal” (arrêt de la Cour Suprême des US)
1896
Cumming v. Board of Education : segregation to schools
1899
Officially no land without settlers
1890
Number of New states by 1900
14 new States
James Monroe became president in
1823
Under Monroe's presidency, the western hemisphere was no longer open to colonization
Under Monroe presidency :
European efforts to control or influence the region would be seen as a threat to US security
The US wished for a certain “isolationism”
In the 1820s, The US wished for a certain...
Isolationism
Date when Theodore Roosevelt added the right for the US to intervene in Latin America to protect its economic interests
1904
In 1904, Roosevelt added the right for the US to intervene in Latin America to protect its economic interests. What did it changed for the International status of the US ?
Transformed the idea of "Pan-Americanism" to "American Imperialism"
What is the idea “Pan-Americanism”
A federation of Western hemisphere nations
What are the 3 theories of American Imperialism
Economicexploitations, Humanitarian idealism and Defense
Capitalist societies :
First production of goods, second they MUST be sold
Capitalists societies (as the US) seek underdeveloped nations for 3 things
Exploit raw materials, Invest their money and sell their products
Economic exploitation (American Imperialism) Businesses pressured the government to provideprofitable conditions.
Economic exploitation (American Imperialism) : Acquiring new markets abroad translates into jobs and economicgrowth at home
Humanitarian Idealism in the US is about the myth of Manifest destiny, the American exceptionalism and the idea that the US must spread these ideals
Myth of Manifest Destiny says that
Americans have a mission
What makes American exceptionalism ? (Ils prennent la grosse tête)
Democracy, freedom and progress
Defense under American imperalism needed
A navy for protection. this navy needed to move freely between the Pacific and the Atlantic ocean.
The US helped a revolution in Columbia, Panama became independent in 1903. the US signed a treaty to build, own, and control the Panama Canal (until 1999). This contributed to the idea of American Imperialism