PATHFIT2

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  • Exercise refers to physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive for the purpose of improving or maintaining physical fitness
  • Exercise involves the use of various movements and actions to stimulate and challenge the body's muscles, cardiovascular system, and other physiological functions
  • Forms of exercise include:
    • Aerobic activities (e.g., running, swimming, cycling)
    • Strength training (using weights or resistance)
    • Flexibility exercises (stretching)
    • Balance training
  • Ancient Civilizations:
    • Egypt: Physical fitness was highly valued, with laborers engaging in physically demanding jobs
    • Greece: Physical education and athletics were integral, with the development of the Olympic Games in 776 BCE
  • Roman Empire:
    • Romans adopted and adapted Greek exercise traditions, emphasizing physical fitness for military prowess
    • Public baths and gymnasiums were popular, and physical training was part of the Roman military's routine
  • Medieval and Renaissance Periods:
    • Physical activity was associated with military training, with knights and soldiers engaging in combat training and archery
  • 18th and 19th Centuries:
    • The Industrial Revolution led to a decrease in physical activity levels
    • Organized physical education and gymnastics programs emerged, promoting systematic physical training
  • 20th Century:
    • Growth of sports and organized physical education in schools
    • Fitness boom in the 1960s and 1970s with jogging, aerobics, and weightlifting gaining popularity
  • Late 20th Century to Present:
    • Focus on a holistic approach to fitness, incorporating physical exercise, nutrition, mental well-being, and preventive healthcare
    • Innovations in exercise equipment, fitness tracking devices, and online fitness programs
  • Importance of Exercise:
    • Crucial for maintaining overall health and well-being
    • Key aspects include physical health, mental and emotional well-being, improved sleep, disease prevention, enhanced flexibility and balance, social interaction, longevity, and quality of life
  • Classification of Exercise:
    • Can be classified based on type of activity, purpose, duration and intensity, setting, sports and recreation, age, and population
    • Helps design well-rounded exercise programs tailored to specific fitness goals, preferences, and health considerations
  • Health related components of physical fitness:
    • Body composition: relative amount of muscle, fat, bone, and other vital parts of the body
    • Flexibility: range of motion in the body, ability to stretch, bend, and twist
    • Muscular endurance: ability of the muscle to continue to perform without fatigue
    • Muscular strength: ability of the muscle to exert force during an activity
    • Cardiovascular endurance: ability of the body’s circulatory and respiratory systems to supply fuel during sustained physical activity
  • Skill related components of physical fitness:
    • Agility: ability to move quickly and change direction in different levels
    • Balance: sense of equilibrium in the body, weight of the body rests in the center of gravity
    • Coordination: using body parts and senses together to produce smooth, efficient movement vital in sports
    • Reaction time: how quickly your brain responds to a stimulus and initiates a response
    • Power: performing a task quickly and forcibly
    • Speed: ability to reach a distance in the shortest period of time
  • Benefits of physical fitness:
    • Makes the body strong and healthy
    • Improves health and skill related components of fitness
    • Helps the body adapt to different physical exertions/activities
    • Enables one to do different activities and still have reserve energy
    • Avoids cardio and respiratory illness
    • Helps the body to be in good shape
    • Makes the body more flexible and less susceptible to sickness