Exploring the brain

• How do the two parts of the ANS differ?

  The neurotransmitters- excitatory and inhibitory
• Which system in the ANS is fight or flight?

  Sympathetic
• Which system in the ANS is rest or digest?

  Parasympathetic
• What are myotomes?

  muscles innervated by one motor nerve eg c1 c2 like in chiropractor
• What is the strip of skin served by one nerve from one dorsal root ganglion?

  Dermatomes
• Why does shingles appear in specific patches?


  Specific parts of the spine correspond to specific nerves for areas of skin.

  So the patch of skin the nerve damaged in shingles is the part that will be affected
• What are the two types of white matter in the spinal cord?

  ascending axons from sensory input

  descending axons for motor input
• How is a reflex different than a normal sensory reaction?

  It only bypasses the spinal cord and ignores going to the brain
• What part of the PNS controls external stimuli?

  Somatic
• What part of the PNS controls internal signals?

  Autonomic
• What part of the nervous system controls input computation and output?

  cns = computation

  pns = input and output
• What is white matter?

  the connections between other cells
• What is the difference between anatomy and physiology?

  a is a static screenshot of the brain with structures but physiology is
• Why can we use animals to mimic human brains?

  Share the same brain structures and relative spatial positions
• What are the 3 different types of MRI's?

  Structural- different size of static structures

  functional- finding areas of brain with activity
• Why dont we use pet scans that often?

  expensive and invasive
• What does a pet scan do?

  detect radiation given out by binding of tracer molecules- get a number of endogenous proteins to find their activity
• How does glucose differ in pet scans of those with/without alzheimers?

  -F-FDG shows metabolically active areas as it is taken up like glucose
• Give an example case study for the neuropsychology method

  HM- global amnesia- damage to specific areas affect specific section
• What is a coronal slice of the brain?

  A coronal slice of the brain is a cross-sectional view of the brain from front to back, dividing it into front and back halves.

  
• What is the sagittal plane?

  Slicing the two halves apart

  
• From top to bottom, name the sections of the brainstem


  Midbrain, Pons, Medulla