Eukaryote

Subdecks (1)

Cards (35)

  • Eukaryotes:
    -> Have a more advanced structural composition.
    -> animals, plants and fungi.
    -> contains nucleus and mitochondria.
    -> biological domain is 'eukaryota'.
    -> grow & reproduce asexually through mitosis.
    -> the sex cells reproduce through meiosis.
  • Image of a Eukaryotic animal cell.
  • Structures within a Eukaryotic animal cell:
    Plasma membrane, Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Nucleolus, ER Smooth (ER = endoplasmic reticulum), ER Rough, Golgi, Vesicle, 80s Ribosomes, Mitochondrion, Centriole and the Cytoskeleton-microtubule.
  • Structure and function of the plasma membrane in a eukaryotic animal cell:
    Structure -> Is selectively permeable, forms a double layer of lipids. Proteins embed into the layer.
    Functions -> Helps to maintain the shape & structure. Controls what enters and leaves the cell. Takes in the nutrients and excretes waste products. It sends and receives chemical & electrical messages.
  • Structure and functions of the Cytoplasm in the eukaryotic animal cell:
    Structure -> Is a thick jelly-like, semi-transparent fluid. Occupies the region between the membrane & nucleus.
    Functions -> maintains cell shape, and stores chemicals for metabolic reactions.
  • Structure and function of the nucleus in the eukaryotic animal cell:
    Structure -> It is the largest, nuclear envelope and contains nuclear pores that contain genetic material and the nucleolus.
    Functions -> Controls / regulates the cellular activity inside the animal cell. Stores DNA & proteins.
  • Structure and Functions of the nucleolus of a eukaryotic animal cell:
    Structure -> A dense spherical structure.
    Functions -> Makes RNA and ribosomes.
  • Structure and function of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum in a eukaryotic animal cell:
    Structure -> A network of membrane bound flattened sacs of cisternae. Does not contain ribosomes.
    Function -> The synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates occurs here. Transports lipids and carbohydrates.
  • Structure and function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum in a eukaryotic animal cell:
    Structure -> A network of membrane bound flattened sacs of cisternae. The cisternae have ribosomes.
    Functions -> Where protein synthesis occurs. Transports of newly synthesised proteins to the Golgi.
  • Structure and function of the Golgi apparatus in a eukaryotic animal cell:
    Structure -> Stack of membrane bound flattened sacs.
    Functions -> Receives new proteins from the rough ER. Modifies & packages proteins into the vesicles. These proteins are moved into vesicles.
  • Structure and function of the Vesicle in the eukaryotic animal cell:
    Structure -> small spherical membrane bound sacs with fluid.
    Functions -> Transports material inside the cell. Secretory vesicles transports proteins that are to be released from the cell to the cells surface membrane.
  • Structure and function of the lysosome in the eukaryotic animal cell:
    Structure -> Small spherical membrane bound sacs that contain hydrolytic enzymes.
    Functions -> break down waste material including old organelles.
  • Structure and functions of the 80s Ribosome in a eukaryotic animal cell:
    Structure -> Tiny organelles attached to the rough ER, can float freely. It contains 2 sub units, the 60s and 40s, it has no membrane.
    Function -> Protein synthesis occurs here.
  • Structure and Functions of the mitochondria in a eukaryotic animal cell:
    Structure -> has 2 membranes, the inner membrane is highly folded to form cristae, the central membrane is the matrix and can be seen as long in shape or spherical depending on angle.
    Functions -> Cellular respiration occurs here, provides energy like ATP, sugars and fatty acids.
  • Structure and functions of the Centriole in a eukaryotic animal cell:
    Structure -> A small tubule of protein fibre, contains hydrolyte enzymes.
    Functions -> Forms spindle fibres during cell division.