Social Learning Theory

• Who proposed social learning theory (SLT)?

  Bandura
• SLT refines the behaviorist principle that people are shaped by their environment
• SLT posits that children learn solely from their parents.

  False
• Match the type of role model with an example:

  Parent ↔️ Primary caregiver

  Teacher ↔️ Influential educator

  Celebrity ↔️ Aspired-to figure
• What qualities do role models often possess that children aspire to?

  1️⃣ High status

  2️⃣ Influence

  3️⃣ Desirable skills
• Where do children primarily absorb behaviors according to SLT?

  Social environment
• The child observes the behaviour of a role model
• Children are more likely to imitate role models they identify with.
• What type of reinforcement is highlighted in SLT?

  Vicarious reinforcement
• Vicarious reinforcement occurs when a child observes a role model being rewarded
• Steps of the mediational processes in SLT (ARRM):

  1️⃣ Attention

  2️⃣ Retention

  3️⃣ Reproduction

  4️⃣ Motivation
• Learning and performance of a behavior must occur simultaneously in SLT.

  False
• What is one strength of SLT compared to behaviorism in explaining behavior?

  Less deterministic
• SLT has good application to the use of token economies in prisons
• SLT can fully account for behaviors that are observed but not imitated.

  False
• What type of validity is compromised in SLT research due to lab experiments?

  Ecological validity
• What theory was Bandura investigating in his 1961 study?

  Social Learning Theory (SLT)
• Bandura's study investigated the effect of observed aggression on children's behavior
• Bandura's study included an investigation of the effect of same-sex modeling on children's aggressive behavior.
• How many participants were involved in Bandura's 1961 study?

  72
• The participants in Bandura's study were taken from the Stanford University nursery
• Who was asked to rate the children's aggression before the experiment?

  Nursery staff
• Bandura used matched pairs in his experimental design to ensure an equal balance of aggressive children across conditions.
• Match the conditions of Bandura's study with their descriptions:

  Aggressive model ↔️ The model behaved aggressively towards the Bobo doll

  Non-aggressive model ↔️ The model behaved in a non-aggressive way

  Control group ↔️ No model was present
• How long did each child observe the model's behavior in Bandura's study?

  10 minutes
• Steps in Bandura's study procedure after the observation phase:

  1️⃣ Child is taken to another room

  2️⃣ Child is told they cannot play with toys

  3️⃣ Child is taken to the Bobo Doll room

  4️⃣ Child's behavior is observed for 20 minutes
• The participants in the Bobo Doll room were observed using a one-way mirror
• What type of aggression were boys more likely to exhibit in Bandura's study?

  Physical
• In Bandura's study, girls were more likely to be verbally aggressive.
• Which type of role model were children more likely to imitate in Bandura's study?

  Same-sex
• Imitation of aggression in Bandura's study occurred after only a single exposure
• What concept did Bandura introduce in his 1965 research to explain imitation of rewarded aggressive behavior?

  Vicarious reinforcement
• Bandura's study is criticized for its lack of ecological validity
• What is one ethical issue with Bandura's study regarding the rating of children's aggression by nursery workers?

  Encouraged bias
• Children exposed to aggression in Bandura's study may have used similar aggression outside the experiment.