Gen Chem - PN, TS, GE, and H

• Plant Nutrition is the supply and absorption of chemical compounds for the growth and metabolism of plants.
• Plant Nutrition is the plant nutrients or essential elements.
• Plant Nutrition is obtained from the environment via soil, air, and water.
• Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen are major constituent of organic plant material; assimilation of oxidation-reduction reacctions.
• Boron - cell wall synthesis; enzymatic reactions and metabollic pathways; mitotic activity for root development
• Calcium - structural component of the cell wall and cell membrane; counterion in the vacoule
• Chlorine - water splitting system for photosystem II; stomatal opening regulation
• Copper - cofactor for metalloproteins and enzymes; photosynthetic electron transport; cell wall metabolism and hormone signaling; oxidative stress response
• Iron - regulatory component of proteins and metabolites in roots and leaves
• Magnesium - chlorophyll synthesis; cofactor in activation of ATPase
• Manganese - photo destruction of cholorphyll and chloraplast structum; enzyme activator; presursor of amino acid, hormones and lignin
• Molybdenum - enzyme activation; chlorophyll synthesis
• Nickel - Endosperm development and dehydrogenase activity; unrease activation for urea breakdown; root nodule growth
• Nitrogen - general plant growth of roots, stem, leaf, flowers, and fruites ; chlorophyll synthesis
• Phosphorus - energy transferring process for photosynthesis and respiration (ADP-ATP synthesis); structural component of phospholipids, nucleic acids, conezymes, and nucleotides
• Potassium - cell extension and stomatal regulation; enzyme activation; photosynthetic activity
• Sulfur - assimilation of oxidation-reduction reactions; participates in various enzymatic processes
• Zinc - enzymatic function and reactivity; stem elongation; protein and starch synthesis
• Parenchyma is the living tissue that consists of large, roughly cube-shaped cells with thin cell walls
• Parenchyma involves in many functions, including photosynthesis, food storage, and cell repair
• Collenchyma is the living tissues made up of elongated cells with unevenly thickened flexible walls
• Collenchyma cells are specialized for supporting growing regions of the plant
• Sclerenchyma tissues are made up of the walls of dead cells at maturity, support, and strengthen the plant
• Sclerenchyma tissues have tough, thick secondary walls that do not stretch, primarily found in regions that have ceased growing
• Transpiration is the evaporation of water from leaves during transpiration
• Transpiration is where dry cell walls draw water from cells deeper inside the leaf
• Transpiration is water that is pulled up through xylem
• Xylem conducts water and minerals
• Two principal types of conducting elements in the xylem: tracheids and the vessel elements
• Capillary Action is the spontaneous movement of a liquid through a narrow tube such as capillary
• Transpiration Pull is the movement of water through a plant in an upward direction due to the effect of transpiration
• Phloem conducts sugars from where they are made to where they are needed
• Phloem - principal nutrient-conducting tissue in vascular plants
• Stomata is the openings in the epidermis
• Stomata regulates the passage of gases into and out of the plant
• Guard cells highly specialized cells that surrounds the stomata and control their opening and closing
• Guard cells respond to conditions in the environment, such as wind and temperature, helping to maintain homeostasis within a leaf