Chapter 4

• 4 System Analysis Phase Overview

  1. Requirements Modeling
  2. Data and Process Modeling
  3. Object Modeling
  4. Development Strategies
• Requirements Modeling - Fact-finding to describe the current system and requirement for new system
• Data and Process Modeling - Graphically represent system data and process
• Object Modeling - Create objects to represent things, transaction and events.
• Development Strategies - Software Trends, development, alternatives, outsourcing, etc.
• Two Systems Analysis Skills

  1. Strong Analytical Skills
  2. Interpersonal Skills
• Object - This is to deliver the best possible system at the lowest possible cost in the shortest possible time.
• Joint Application Development - Brings users into the development and design process as active participants.
• Rapid Application Development - Uses a condensed version of the system development life cycle.
• Rapid Application Development - It produces new system and use a group approach like JAD
• Requirements Planning - The team agrees on business need, project scope, constraints, and system requirements. And management authorization to continue is obtained.
• User Design - Users interact with analysts to develop models and prototype, a combination of JAD and CASE tools are used. Users understand modify and approve a working model.
• Construction - users can suggest changes as screen or reports are developed.
• Cutover - it includes data conversion, testing, changeover to the new system, and user training.
• Agile Method - It is the stress intense interaction between developers and users.
• Agile Methods - It attempt to develop a system incrementally, by building a series of prototypes and constantly adjusting them to user requirements.
• Scrum - A rugby term.
• Pigs includes; product owner, facilitator, development team.
• Chickens includes; users, stakeholders, managers
• Scrum Sessions - It have a specific guideline that emphasize time blocks, interaction, and team-based activities that result in deliverable software.
• Modeling Tools and Techniques - It involves graphical methods and nontechnical language that represent the system at various stages of development.
• Function Decomposition Diagrams - It is a top-down representation of a function or process.
• Business Process Model - Swim lane.
• Data Flow Diagram - It shows how the system stores, processes, and transforms data.
• Use Case Diagrams -Interaction between users and the system.
• Sequence Diagrams - Shows the timing of interactions between objects as they occur.
• Five System Requirements Checklist

  1. Output Example
  2. Input Example
  3. Process Example
  4. Performance Example
  5. Control Example
• Scalability - A system's ability to handle increased business volume and transactions in the future.
• Total Cost of Ownership - It is important if the development team is evaluating several alternative and one problem of it is cost estimates tend to understate indirect costs.
• Zachman Framework - It helps managers and users understand the model an assures that overall business goals translate into successful IT projects.
• Steps of Interview:

  1. Determine the people to interview
  2. Establish objectives for the interview
  3. Develop interview questions
  4. Prepare for the interview
  5. Conduct the interview
  6. Document the interview
  7. Evaluate the interview
• Other Fact-finding Techniques

  1. Document Review
  2. Observation
  3. Questionnaires and Surveys
  4. Sampling
  5. Research
• Document Review - It review the old and current form and documentation
• Observation - Seeing the system in action gives you additional perspective and a better understanding of the system procedures.
• Questionnaires and Surveys - Most important rules of all is to make sure that your questions collect the right data in a form that you can use to further your fact-finding; fill in form.
• Sample - It ensure that it represents the overall population accurately
• Three types of Sampling

  1. Systematic
  2. Stratified
  3. Random
• Research - It include internet, magazines, and books to obtain background information.
• Construction - Program and application development.