Article 6

• Section 1


  Legislative power in the congress of the Philippines which shall consist of a senate and a house of representatives, except to the extent reserved to the people by the provision on initiative and referendum
• legislative power


  authority under constitution to make laws, alter, and reappeal.
• Legislature


  Prescribe general rules for the government of the society
• law refers to the statutes which are written enactments of the legislature governing relation among themselves, between other people, and the government bodies/agencies
• Function of law


  to define rights and duties of citizens, imposes taxes, appropriate funds, defines crimes as well as provide punishment, creates or abish government offices, determines jurisdiction and function, regulate human conduct and use of property to attain common good.
• Procedure for enactment of laws by congress

  Legislative process (sections 24-29)
• legislative power vested in congress


  Double chambered body consisting of house of representatives and senate ; bicameral legislature is placed instead of unicameral provided in 1973 constitution.
• Advantage of unicameral legislature

  More economical, responsibility is easily fixed, prompt action in legislation is achieved.
• Disadvantage of unicameral legistlative 


  no check against hasty and ill considered legislation, as well as more susceptible to the influence pf big interest.
• Philippine bill of 1902

  Created philippine commission (upoer house) and Philippine assembly (lower house)
• Philippine autonomy act 


  Created the Senate and Hoyse of representatives
• Advantage of bicameralism

  Senate checks hasty or ill considered legislation; training ground for future leaders; provides representation for regional and national interest; less susceptible to bribery and control of big interest; tested and proven in crucible of human experience.
• 1973 constitution 


  Abolished bicameral congress and established batasang pambansa (unicameral)
• 1987 constitution


  Restored presidential system together with bicameral congress of the Philippines
• Disadvantage of bicameralisn

  Has not worked put as an effective fiscalizing or coubter check machinery; no assurance of better considered and btter deliberated legislation; produces duplication fo efforts and serious deadlocks in the enactment of important measures with the conference committee; more expensive to maintain compare to unicameral legislature; and prohibitive cost of senatorial election made it possible for only wealthy individuals to make it to the senate.
• Plenary or general


  Legislative power of Congress, except to the extent reserved to the people by the provision on initiative and referendum.
• Classification of powers of congress

  General legislative power, soecific powers, implied powers, inherent powers
• General legislative power

  Power to enact laws intended as rules of conduct to govern the relations among individuals or between the individuals and the state.
• specific powers

  Powers which the constitution expressly directs or authorizes congress to exercise.
• Implied powers


  The power to conduct inquiry and investigation in aid of legislation; to punish for contempt; determine the rules of proceedings
• Inherent powers

  Powers which can be possessed and exercised by every government because they exist as an attribute of sovereignty. legislative in nature like taxation, power of eminent domain, and police power
• Principle of separation of powers

  Presidential, parliamentary, french presidential-parliamentary system
• Presidential system

  Power of government are divided into three: executive, legislative, and judiciary.
• Parliamentary system

  Fusion rather than separation which is union which function is policy making and policy executing.
• French presidential-parliamentary system

  Constitution establishes the familiar organs of a parliamentary system but delegates broad power to the president and places limitations on legislative powers.
• Principle of checks and balances

  It is observed along with the doctrine of separation of powers to make presidential system workable
• Section 2


  Senate shall be composed of 24 senators who shall be elected at large by the qualified voters of the philippines as may be provided by law.
• Article 3


  No person shall be a senator unless he is a natural born citizen of the ohilippines and on the day of election atleast 35 years of age, literate, and resident of the philippines for not less than two years immediatelt preceding the day of election.
• Section 4


  Term of senators shall be 6 years and commence, unless otherwise provided by law, at the thirthieth day of june next following their election. No senators shall serve for 2 consecutive terms. Voluntary renunciation of the office for any kength of time shall not be considered as an interuption in the continuity of his service for full term for which he was elected
• The senate


  Composition and election (upper chamber of the philippines) 24 senators and elected by qualified voters
• The senate


  term of office- six years, has similar provisions limiting terms of the office with respect to president and VP.
• Registered voter


  One who has qualification for a voter and none of disqualification; one who registered hinself in the kist of voters
• one's residence


  Permanent home to which he has true permanent address, whenever absent he has the intention of returning.
• Section 5


  House of representative shall be composed of not more than 250 members, unless otherwise fixed by the law, who shall be elected from legislative districts apportioned anong provinces, cities, and metropolitan manila in accordance with number of their respective inhabitants, and basus of uniform and progressive ratio, those who as provided by the law shall be elected through party-list system of registered national, regional, and sectoral parties
• Section 5 (2)


  Party-list representative shall constitute 20% of the total number if representatives including those under the partylist.
• Section 5 (3)


  each city with a population of atleasr two hundred fifty thousand or each province, shall have atleast one representative.
• Section 5 (4)


  Within 3 years following the return if every census, congress shall make a reapportionment of legislative districts based on the standards provided in section 5
• Section 6 


  Premise is similar to section three he is automatically elected if he is party list representative
• Section 7 


  Similar to section 4
• first party list election


  under R.A. no. 7941, the election was held on the 11th of may year 1998 only 12 out of 121 organizations garnered enough votes to qualify for representation in the congress.