crime&punishment

• How were crimes categorized in Anglo-Saxon England?

  By harm caused to person, property, or authority
• What does a crime against the person involve?

  Direct harm or threat to physical safety
• What was the consequence of murder in Anglo-Saxon England?

  Perpetrator had to pay weregild
• What is assault defined as in Anglo-Saxon England?

  Attacking another person
• What is kidnapping in the context of Anglo-Saxon crimes?

  Abduction or unlawful detention of an individual
• What do crimes against property involve?

  Theft or destruction of someone's property
• What was the punishment for burglary in Anglo-Saxon England?

  Harsh penalties were applied
• Why was arson considered a serious crime in Anglo-Saxon England?

  Wooden buildings were common and crops essential
• What are crimes against authority?

  Actions defying established order or laws
• What is treason in the context of Anglo-Saxon crimes?

  Acts against the king or kingdom
• What role did the king play in Anglo-Saxon law enforcement?

  Maintained law and order across the kingdom
• How did the nobility contribute to the legal system in Anglo-Saxon England?

  Advised the king and enforced laws locally
• What was the king's peace in Anglo-Saxon England?

  Responsibility for maintaining law and order
• How did the church influence crime and punishment?

  Defined moral behavior and integrated Christian morals
• What was the purpose of trials by ordeal?

  To reveal guilt or innocence through divine intervention
• What was ordeal by water?

  Suspected individuals thrown into blessed water
• What was the outcome of ordeal by fire?

  Healing of wounds determined innocence
• What was compation in Anglo-Saxon law?

  A method relying on character and reputation
• What was the role of tithings in Anglo-Saxon England?

  Groups responsible for law enforcement among households
• What was the huan cry?

  A call for help from victims or witnesses
• What was the consequence for failing to respond to the huan cry?

  Penalties for able-bodied men in the community
• How did the legal system change under Norman rule?

  Centralized authority shifted from local lords to the king
• What was the Doomsday Book?

  A survey listing lands and resources in England
• What new law was introduced to protect Normans after the conquest?

  Heavy fines for unsolved murders of Normans
• What was the curfew law introduced by William the Conqueror?

  Required extinguishing fires at night
• What were the forest laws under William the Conqueror?

  Restricted hunting and gathering in royal forests
• What was poaching in Norman England?

  Hunting in the king's forest without permission
• How did the Normans redefine crimes?

  Defined actions threatening the feudal system as crimes
• What was the impact of the Norman Conquest on law enforcement?

  Increased centralization of authority
• How did the role of the king change after the Norman Conquest?

  Gained ultimate authority over legal matters
• What was the role of royal judges in Norman England?

  Traveled to hear cases and enforce laws
• What was the significance of the circuit system introduced by William?

  Standardized laws across the kingdom
• What was the continuity of the tithing system under Norman rule?

  Adult males still part of tithings
• How did the role of sheriffs change under Norman rule?

  Oversaw law enforcement in each shire
• What was the change regarding the weregild system under the Normans?

  Abolished and replaced with fines to the king
• How did punishments change under Norman rule?

  Increased frequency and range of corporal punishments
• What was the impact of harsh punishments under Norman rule?

  Intended to deter crime through fear
• What form of punishment was commonly used by both the Anglo-Saxons and Normans?

  Fines
• How did the nature of fines change under the Normans?

  Fines were payable to the king's officials
• What was the impact of abolishing the Saxon weregild system?

  Increased Crown's wealth and authority