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Subdecks (4)

Cards (207)

  • When does a hazard become a disaster?
    • A disaster occurs when the probable destructive agent, the hazard, hits a vulnerable populated area
  • What is disaster?
    • UN defines it as a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or society involving widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses and impacts
    • French word "Disastre" refers to a "Bad or Evil Star"
    • American Red Cross defines it as an occurrence causing human suffering and needs that victims cannot alleviate without assistance
  • Can we prevent disasters from happening?
    • Hazards may be inevitable but disasters can be prevented
  • Relationship between risks, hazards & people:
    • Vulnerability describes the condition that makes a society prone to the impact of a hazard
    • Exposure is the tendency of losing property, people, systems, and other elements in society due to their presence within the hazard
    • Risk is the possibility of something bad happening
    • Hazard is a dangerous phenomenon that may cause loss of life, injury, property damage, and environmental damage
  • Important Aspects of Hazards:
    • Magnitude and intensity: measure of strength and impacts
    • Speed of onset: predictability and lead time are critical
    • Duration: concern as severe damage depends on how long the hazard affects an area
  • Disaster Risk:
    • Disaster risk is expressed as a function of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability
    • It quantifies the chance of a disaster happening and its impact
  • Minimizing Disaster Risk:
    • Risk reduction through reduction of exposure and vulnerability
    • Keeping people and property away from hazards can reduce vulnerability and exposure
  • Factors contributing to the increase of disaster risks:
    • Climate change
    • Rapid and unplanned urbanization
    • Poverty
    • Environmental degradation
  • Classification of Disasters:
    • Natural disasters: originate from forces of nature
    • Human-made disasters: occur due to people's actions against human, material, and the environment
    • Technological disasters: caused by human error or malfunction of technology systems
    • Industrial accidents: caused by industrial companies
    • Security-related disasters: indicate compromised systems or failed protection measures
  • Concept of disaster risk:
    • The potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets that could occur to a system, society, or community in a specific period of time, determined probabilistically as a function of hazard, exposure, and capacity
  • Concept of disaster:
    • A phenomenon that poses a threat to people, structures, or economic assets
    • Any event with the potential to cause disruption or damage to humans and their environment
  • Nature of disasters:
    • Natural disasters originate from different forces of nature
    • Meteorological disasters are caused by extreme weather conditions
    • Topographical disasters include internal earth processes or tectonic activities
    • Environmental/ecological disasters are catastrophic events due to human activity
    • Quasi-natural hazards arise from the interaction of natural processes and human activities
  • Locations exposed to hazard:
    • Hazardous material
    • Power service disruption and blackout
    • Nuclear power plant and nuclear blast
    • Radiological emergencies
    • Chemical threats and biological weapons
    • Cyber Attacks
    • Explosion
    • Civil Unrest
    • Stampede and accidents
    • Oil spill
  • Effects of disasters:
    • Physical Perspective: affects physical elements like buildings, infrastructures, and houses
    • Psychological Perspective: mental challenges such as PTSD
    • Socio-cultural Perspective: changes in individual roles and disruption of social relationships
    • Economic Perspective: loss of life, unemployment, property, household articles, crops, and public infrastructure
    • Political Perspective: effects of disasters and distribution of humanitarian aid are linked to politics
  • When does a hazard become a disaster?
    • A disaster occurs when the probable destructive agent, the hazard, hits a vulnerable populated area
  • What is disaster?
    • UN defines it as a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or society involving widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses and impacts
    • French word "Disastre" refers to a "Bad or Evil Star"
    • An occurrence, either natural or man-made, that causes human suffering and creates human needs that victims cannot alleviate without assistance
  • Important Aspects of Hazards:
    • Magnitude and intensity: measure of strength and impacts on the ground, people, and structures
    • Speed of onset: predictability of a hazard and lead time allowed
    • Duration: concern on how long the hazard affects an area and the potential for damage
  • Relationship between risks, hazards & people:
    • Vulnerability: condition that makes a society or community prone to the impact of a hazard
    • Exposure: tendency of losing property, people, systems, and other elements in society due to their presence within the hazard
    • Risk: possibility of something bad happening
    • Hazard: dangerous phenomenon that may cause loss of life, injury, property damage, or environmental damage
  • Minimizing Disaster Risk:
    • Risk reduction through reduction of exposure and vulnerability
    • Keeping people and property away from hazards
    • Relocation must come hand in hand with mitigation and prevention measures
  • Factors contributing to the increase of disaster risks:
    • Climate change
    • Rapid and unplanned urbanization
    • Poverty and socio-economic inequalities
    • Environmental degradation
  • Disaster Risk Model:
    • Disaster risk is expressed as a function of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability
    • It seeks to express the chance of the disaster happening and quantify the impact
  • Can we prevent disasters from happening?
    • Hazards may be inevitable but disasters can be prevented
  • Elements of Disaster Risk:
    • Disaster risk = Hazard x exposure x vulnerability
    • Enhanced resilience allows better anticipation of disasters and better planning to reduce disaster losses
  • Why is resilience important in disaster?
    • Enhanced resilience allows better anticipation of disasters and better planning to reduce disaster losses
    • Factors contributing to personal resilience include the ways someone views and engages with the world, availability and quality of social resources, and specific coping strategies
  • Concept of disaster:
    • A phenomenon that poses a threat to people, structures, or economic assets
    • Any event with the potential to cause disruption or damage to humans and their environment
  • Concept of disaster risk:
    • The potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets that could occur to a system, society, or community in a specific period of time, determined probabilistically as a function of hazard, exposure, and capacity
  • Nature of disasters:
    • Natural disasters originate from different forces of nature
    • Meteorological disasters are caused by extreme weather conditions
    • Topographical disasters include internal earth processes or tectonic activities
    • Environmental/ecological disasters are due to human activities
    • Quasi-natural hazards arise from the interaction of natural processes and human activities
  • Locations exposed to hazard:
    • Hazardous material
    • Power service disruption and blackout
    • Nuclear power plant and nuclear blast
    • Radiological emergencies
    • Chemical threats and biological weapons
    • Cyber Attacks
    • Explosion
    • Civil Unrest
    • Stampede and accidents
    • Oil spill
  • When does a hazard become a disaster?
    • A disaster occurs when the probable destructive agent, the hazard, hits a vulnerable populated area
  • What is disaster?
    • UN defines it as a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or society involving widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses and impacts, exceeding the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources
    • A serious disruption in the functioning of a society, causing widespread human, material, or environmental losses that exceed the ability of the affected society to cope within its own resources
  • Important aspects of hazards:
    • Magnitude and intensity:
    • Magnitude measures the strength of the event
    • Intensity measures the impacts on the ground, people, and structures
    • Speed of onset:
    • Predictability and lead time are critical in determining the damage
    • Duration:
    • Severe damage depends on how long the hazard affects an area
    • Larger aerial extent increases the potential for damage
  • Relationship between risks, hazards & people:
    • Vulnerability describes the condition that makes a society prone to the impact of a hazard
    • Exposure is the tendency of losing property, people, systems, and other elements due to their presence within the hazard
    • Risk is the possibility of something bad happening
    • Hazard is a dangerous phenomenon that may cause loss of life, injury, property damage, and environmental damage
  • Minimizing Disaster Risk:
    • Risk reduction through reduction of exposure and vulnerability
    • Keeping people and property away from hazards
    • Relocation must come hand in hand with mitigation and prevention measures
  • Factors contributing to the increase of disaster risks:
    • Climate change
    • Rapid and unplanned urbanization
    • Poverty
    • Environmental degradation
  • The Different Perspectives of Disaster:
    • Physical Perspective: affects physical elements like buildings and infrastructures
    • Psychological Perspective: mental challenges like PTSD
    • Socio-cultural Perspective: changes in roles and social relationships
    • Economic Perspective: affects the economic condition of a community
    • Political Perspective: effects and distribution of humanitarian aid are linked to politics
  • Disaster Risk Model:
    • Disaster risk is expressed as a function of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability
    • It quantifies the chance of a disaster happening and its impact