Ethics

• Ethics: An area of study that deals with ideas of what is right and wrong behavior.
• Ethics: A branch of philosophy dealing with what is morally right and wrong.
• Ethics: Refers to the rules that a social system provides us with. Like in a company, organization, law.
• Morals: These are our own principles.
• Morals: Are your ideas about right and wrong, especially how you should act with others.
• Ethics: is considered a moral philosophy
• Ethics: Is influenced by professions, organizations, etc.
• Principles: Influenced by family, background, culture, religion, and society.
• Principles: Can vary according to an individual.
• Code of Ethics: A set of principles designed to encourage ethical conduct among a group of professionals.
• Research Ethics: Refers to a diverse set of values, norms, and institutional regulations that help constitute and regulate scientific activity.
• Morals: Are the prevailing standards of behavior that enable people to live cooperatively in groups.
• Morals: Are the principles that guide individual conduct within society.
• Amoral: People that are indifferent to right and wrong.
• Immoral: Those who do evil acts.
• Moral Standards: Deal with matters we think can seriously injure or benefit humans, animals, and the environment.
• Moral Standards: Are not established or changed by the decisions of authoritative individuals or bodies.
• Moral Standards: Are based in impartial considerations.
• Moral Standards: Are associated with special emotions and vocabulary.
• Five Moral Foundations:

  1. Harm/Care
  2. Fairness/Reciprocity
  3. Ingroup/Loyalty
  4. Authority/Respect
  5. Purity/Sanctity
• Moral Foundations: Are an umbrella covering the entire realm of moral concerns.
• Harm/Care: Dislike of suffering. Value kindness and compassion, and condemn cruelty, and aggression.
• Fairness/Reciprocity: Cooperation among unrelated individuals and alliance formation. Virtue & Justice.
• Ingroup/Loyalty: Living in kin-based groups. Virtues and emotions relating to trust, patriotism, heroism, and sacrifice arise.
• Authority/Respect: Elevates virtues that facilitate the hierarchical social structure. Valuing authority and respect.
• Purity/Sanctity: An evolutionary by-product of the emotion of disgust. Disgust functions as a "Guardian of the body".
• Non Moral Standards: Refer to standards by which we judge what is good or bad and right or wrong in a non-moral way.
• Non Moral Standards: Are matters of taste or preference.
• Etiquettes: These are the norms within a society, like how we eat.
• Moral Dilemmas: Situation in which there is a choice to be made between two options neither of which resolves the situation in an ethically acceptable manner.
• Standards of Aesthetics: Refers to good or bad art
• Athletic Standards: Refers to how well a game is being played
• Moral Dilemma: A situation in which there is a choice to be made between two options that are neither resolves the situation in an ethically acceptable manner.
• Moral Dilemma: Exists when available choices and obligations do not allow for moral outcome.
• Levels of Moral Dilemmas:

  1. Individual Level
  2. Organizational Level
  3. Structural Level
• Individual Level: This is a conflict where a person is asked to choose between two important values.
• Organizational Level: These are Ethical cases encountered and resolved by social organizations .
• Structural Level: Usually encompass multi-sectoral institutions and organizations, they may be larger in scope than organizational dilemmas.
• Ethical Dilemma: Arises when a person is forced to decide between two morally sound options but they may conflict.
• Ethical Dilemma: Assumes that the chooser will abide by societal norms such as codes of law or religious teachings.