dimensions ppt

• Concepts of Health:

  • Health is the state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO)
  • Health involves social, emotional, mental, and biological fitness resulting in adaptations from the environment
• Common Meanings of Health for Everyday Use:

  • Negative Definition: Absence of disease or illness
  • Positive Definition: A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO)
• Dimensions of Health:

  • Physical Health
  • Mental Health
  • Emotional Health
  • Social/Environmental Health
  • Spiritual Health
• Holistic Health:

  • An approach that identifies components of health that function interdependently to influence an individual’s health
• Wellness:

  • Well-being involving engaging in attitude and behavior that enhance quality of life and maximize personal potential
  • Wellness is a choice as "the constant, conscious pursuit of living life to its fullest potential"
• Factors Affecting Health:

  • Illness is a personal state where the person feels unhealthy
  • Hereditary Factors: Family history for diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer
  • Behavioral Factors: Cigarette smoking, alcohol abuse, high animal fat intake
  • Environmental Factors: Overcrowding, poor sanitation, poor supply of potable water
• Precursors of Illness - Schumann’s Stages of Illness:

  1. Symptom Experience:

  • Transition stage where the person believes something is wrong
  • Includes physical, cognitive, and emotional aspects

  2. Assumption of Sick Role:

  • Acceptance of the illness and seeking advice and support

  3. Medical Care:

  • Seeking advice of health professionals for validation, explanation of symptoms, reassurance

  4. Dependent Patient Role:

  • The person becomes a patient dependent on health professionals for help

  5. Recovery/Rehabilitation:

  • Involves adjustment to prolong reduction in health and functioning
• Disease:

  • An alteration in body functions resulting in a reduction of capacities or a shortening of the normal life span
  • Common Causes of Disease: Biological agents, Inherited Genetic Diseases, Developmental defects, Physical agents, Chemical agents, Tissue response to irritation, Metabolic process, Emotional/Physical reactions to stress
• Classification of Disease:

  • According to Etiologic Factors: Hereditary, Congenital, Metabolic, Deficiency, Idiopathic, Degenerative, Iatrogenic
  • According to Duration or Onset: Acute illness, Chronic illness, Sub-acute
  • Others: Organic, Functional, Occupational, Familial, Venereal, Epidemic, Endemic, Pandemic, Sporadic
• Health Promotion and Disease Prevention:

  • Disease Prevention: Leavell and Clark’s Agent (Host-Environment Model) with three levels of prevention: Primary Prevention, Secondary Prevention, Tertiary Prevention
  • Health Promotion Model: Individual Perceptions, Modifying Factors, Participation in Health
• Activities to Promote Health and Prevent Illness:

  • Regular physical examination
  • Women: Regular PAP test, Monthly BSE
  • Men: Regular testicular self-examination
  • Annual dental examination, Regular eye examination
  • Exercise regularly, Avoid smoking and alcohol, Maintain ideal body weight
• Factors that Affect Health Behavior and Status:

  • Race, Sex, Income
• Indicators of Health Status:

  • Personal Health Status: Satisfaction with life, Zest for life, Functional level of physical fitness, Minimum of illness
  • Community Health Status: Morbidity, Mortality, Life Expectancy