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Biology
human reproduction
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Arlan
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Cards (22)
Puberty is the period during which adolescents start to develop secondary
sexual characteristics
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In men,
testosterone
is the main
reproductive hormone
produced in the
testes
, stimulating
sperm production
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In women,
estrogen
is the main
reproductive
hormone produced by the
ovaries
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The
menstrual
cycle consists of
four
stages
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Stage 1:
Menstruation
- period of
bleeding
due to the breakdown of the
uterus lining
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Stage 2:
Uterus lining
builds up again to prepare for a
fertilized egg
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Stage 3:
Ovulation
-
egg
is released from the
ovary
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Stage 4:
Maintaining
the
uterus lining
until the
end
of the
cycle
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The average length of a menstrual cycle is around
28
days
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Menstruation lasts about
four
days
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Uterus lining
builds up for around
ten
days up to day
14
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Ovulation
takes place in a
single
day
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Stage 4 stretches from day
14
to day
28
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Hormones
involved in the
menstrual
cycle
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Estrogen
: produced in the
ovaries
, stimulates the
uterus lining
to grow
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Progesterone
: also produced in the
ovaries
, maintains the
uterus lining
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Luteinizing hormone
(
LH
) and
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
(
FSH
): produced in the
pituitary gland
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Interactions of hormones in the menstrual
cycle
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Estrogen
inhibits
FSH
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FSH
stimulates
ovaries
to produce
estrogen
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High estrogen levels
stimulate the release of
LH
, causing
ovulation
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Progesterone
inhibits both
LH
and
FSH
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