biology human reproduction

• What type of reproduction is generally identical?


  Asexual reproduction
• What type of reproduction is considered sexually unique?

  Sexual reproduction
• What do gametes do in sexual reproduction?

  Fuse during fertilization to produce offspring
• What are male gametes called?

  Sperm
• What hormone signals the maintenance of the uterine lining?

  Progesterone
• What is the role of FSH in the menstrual cycle?

  Stimulates follicle maturation and ovum development
• What happens during days 1-7 of the menstrual cycle?

  The uterine lining breaks down and menstruation occurs
• What is ovulation?

  Release of an egg from the ovaries
• What is the name of the thickened lining of the uterus?

  Endometrium
• What hormone is secreted by the empty follicle after ovulation?

  Progesterone
• What occurs if fertilization does not happen?

  Progesterone levels fall, leading to menstruation
• What are the two types of reproduction?

  Asexual and sexual reproduction
• How does asexual reproduction differ from sexual reproduction?

  Asexual reproduction produces identical offspring
• What is binary fission?

  A form of asexual reproduction producing identical daughter cells
• What happens if a starfish loses an arm?

  It can regenerate into a new starfish
• What are female gametes called?

  Ova
• Where are female gametes produced?

  In the ovaries
• How often is a female gamete released?

  Approximately once a month
• What hormone causes the ovum to mature?

  FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
• What is the process called when the uterine lining breaks down?

  Menstruation
• What are secondary sexual characteristics in females?

  Widening of pelvis and breast development
• What are the key hormones involved in the menstrual cycle?

  • FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
  • LH (Luteinizing Hormone)
  • Estrogen
  • Progesterone
• What are the stages of the menstrual cycle?

  1. Menstruation (Days 1-7)
  2. Follicular phase (Days 1-14)
  3. Ovulation (Day 14)
  4. Luteal phase (Days 15-28)
• What are the differences between asexual and sexual reproduction?

  Asexual Reproduction:

  • Involves one parent
  • Produces identical offspring
  • Examples: binary fission, budding

  
  

  Sexual Reproduction:

  • Involves two parents
  • Produces genetically unique offspring
  • Examples: fertilization in animals and plants
• What are the functions of the female reproductive system?

  • Production of ova (female gametes)
  • Regulation of menstrual cycle
  • Support of fertilization and embryo development
• What are the environmental factors affecting plant variation?

  • Light availability
  • Soil quality
  • Water supply
  • Temperature
• What are the key terms related to reproduction?

  • Gametes
  • Zygote
  • Fertilization
  • Menstrual cycle
  • Puberty
  • Hormones
• What hormone grows follicles containing eggs?

  Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
• What does luteinising hormone (LH) do?

  Releases egg for ovulation
• What is the role of oestrogen in the menstrual cycle?

  Prepares for ovulation and matures follicles
• What is the function of progesterone?

  Prepares lining for fertilised egg implantation
• What does FSH help produce?

  Eggs (growth)
• What happens when progesterone levels fall?

  FSH is stimulated
• What is the significance of fertilisation in the menstrual cycle?

  Ovum can embed in the uterus lining
• What occurs on day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

  The ovum is released from the ovary
• How long can the ovum live after ovulation?

  24 hours
• What is the role of the placenta?

  Allows exchange of substances between blood systems
• What connects the embryo to the placenta?

  Umbilical cord
• What happens to food and oxygen in the placenta?

  They diffuse from mother to fetus blood
• What is the duration of human gestation?

  40 weeks