Human reproduction

    Cards (80)

    • What is the structure of the male reproductive system?
      Testis, Epididymis, Sperm duct, etc.
    • What are male gonads called?
      Testes
    • What is a gonad?
      An organ that produces sex cells
    • Why do testes descend into the scrotum before birth?
      To maintain an ideal temperature for sperm production
    • What is the ideal temperature for sperm production?
      35° Celsius
    • What are seminiferous tubules lined with?

      Sperm producing cells
    • What do interstitial cells produce?

      Testosterone
    • What is semen composed of?
      Semen is seminal fluid plus sperm
    • What happens in the epididymis?

      Sperm mature and are stored
    • What is the function of seminal fluid?

      • Nourishes sperm
      • Provides a medium for swimming
    • What is the function of the scrotum?
      Keeps testes at a lower temperature
    • What does the penis do?
      Places sperm in the female's body
    • What is the role of the sperm duct?
      Carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra
    • What are the main functions of the male reproductive system parts?
      • Testis: Produces sperm and testosterone
      • Epididymis: Matures and stores sperm
      • Sperm duct: Carries sperm to urethra
      • Seminal vesicles, Cowper’s gland, Prostate gland: Produce seminal fluid
      • Urethra: Passage for urine or sperm
      • Penis: Places sperm inside female body
      • Scrotum: Keeps testes at lower temperature
    • What are the three main parts of sperm structure?
      Head, Middle, Tail
    • What does the acrosome in sperm contain?
      Digestive enzymes
    • What is the haploid number of chromosomes in sperm and egg cells?
      23 chromosomes
    • What happens during fertilization?
      Sperm and egg nuclei combine to form a zygote
    • What is testosterone responsible for?
      Development of male sexual characteristics
    • What are primary and secondary sexual characteristics?
      • Primary: Presence of reproductive parts
      • Secondary: Features distinguishing males from females
    • What do ovaries produce?
      Eggs and female hormones
    • How many eggs mature each month after puberty?
      20 eggs
    • What is the function of the Fallopian tubes?
      Catch and move the egg to the uterus
    • What is the size of the uterus?
      Approximately the size of a fist
    • What is the endometrium?
      The inner lining of the uterus
    • What is the role of the cervix?
      Separates the uterus from the vagina
    • What is the function of the vagina?
      Entry for sperm and birth canal
    • What are some causes of low sperm count?
      Drug use, abnormalities, stress
    • What is a common treatment for low sperm count?
      Change in diet and lifestyle
    • What is a blockage of the Fallopian tube?
      Scarring blocking egg passage
    • What is IVF?
      Fertilizing eggs outside the body
    • What does infertility mean?
      Inability to achieve conception
    • What are the methods of contraception?
      • Natural: Avoiding intercourse during fertile period
      • Surgical: Cutting and tying tubes
      • Chemical: Use of the pill
      • Mechanical: Diaphragms and condoms
    • What is the benefit of breastfeeding?
      Provides antibodies and ideal nutrients
    • What are the stages of birth?
      Contraction, delivery, afterbirth expulsion
    • What happens during stage 1 of birth?
      Cervix dilates and amniotic fluid releases
    • What occurs during stage 2 of birth?
      Foetus passes through the birth canal
    • What happens during stage 3 of birth?
      Afterbirth is expelled from the uterus
    • What triggers milk production after birth?
      Release of prolactin by the pituitary
    • What hormones are produced during pregnancy?
      Oestrogen and progesterone
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