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Human reproduction
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Created by
Caragh hegarty
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Cards (80)
What is the
structure of the male reproductive system?
Testis
,
Epididymis
,
Sperm duct
, etc.
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What are male gonads called?
Testes
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What is a gonad?
An organ that
produces
sex cells
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Why do testes descend into the scrotum before birth?
To maintain an ideal temperature for
sperm production
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What is the
ideal temperature for sperm
production?
35° Celsius
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What are
seminiferous
tubules lined with?
Sperm producing cells
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What do
interstitial
cells
produce?
Testosterone
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What is semen composed of?
Semen is seminal fluid plus
sperm
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What happens in the
epididymis
?
Sperm
mature and are stored
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What is the
function
of seminal fluid
?
Nourishes
sperm
Provides a medium for swimming
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What is the function of the scrotum?
Keeps
testes
at a lower temperature
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What does the penis do?
Places
sperm
in the female's body
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What is the role of the sperm duct?
Carries sperm from the
epididymis
to the
urethra
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What are the main functions of the male reproductive system parts?
Testis
: Produces sperm and
testosterone
Epididymis
: Matures and stores sperm
Sperm duct: Carries sperm to urethra
Seminal vesicles, Cowper’s gland, Prostate gland: Produce
seminal fluid
Urethra: Passage for urine or sperm
Penis
: Places sperm inside
female
body
Scrotum
: Keeps
testes
at lower temperature
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What are the three main parts of sperm structure?
Head
,
Middle
,
Tail
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What does the acrosome in sperm contain?
Digestive
enzymes
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What is the haploid number of chromosomes in sperm and egg cells?
23
chromosomes
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What happens during fertilization?
Sperm
and
egg nuclei
combine to form a
zygote
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What is testosterone responsible for?
Development of
male sexual characteristics
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What are primary and secondary sexual characteristics?
Primary: Presence of
reproductive
parts
Secondary: Features distinguishing
males
from females
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What do ovaries produce?
Eggs and
female hormones
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How many eggs mature each month after puberty?
20
eggs
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What is the function of the Fallopian tubes?
Catch and move the
egg
to the uterus
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What is the size of the uterus?
Approximately the size of a
fist
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What is the endometrium?
The inner lining of the
uterus
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What is the role of the cervix?
Separates the
uterus
from the
vagina
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What is the function of the vagina?
Entry for
sperm
and
birth canal
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What are some causes of low sperm count?
Drug use
,
abnormalities
, stress
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What is a common treatment for low sperm count?
Change in diet and lifestyle
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What is a blockage of the Fallopian tube?
Scarring
blocking egg passage
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What is IVF?
Fertilizing
eggs
outside the body
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What does infertility mean?
Inability to achieve
conception
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What are the methods of contraception?
Natural: Avoiding
intercourse
during fertile period
Surgical: Cutting and tying
tubes
Chemical: Use of the
pill
Mechanical:
Diaphragms
and
condoms
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What is the benefit of breastfeeding?
Provides
antibodies
and ideal
nutrients
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What are the stages of birth?
Contraction
,
delivery
,
afterbirth
expulsion
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What happens during stage 1 of birth?
Cervix
dilates and
amniotic fluid
releases
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What occurs during stage 2 of birth?
Foetus passes through the
birth canal
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What happens during stage 3 of birth?
Afterbirth
is expelled from the
uterus
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What triggers milk production after birth?
Release of
prolactin
by the
pituitary
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What hormones are produced during pregnancy?
Oestrogen
and
progesterone
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See all 80 cards
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