FILL IN THE BLANKS (CENTRAL DOGMA)

• Transcription is the second major step of the Central Dogma process
• The primary substance involved in transcription is m-RNA
• 1. RNA has 3 subclassifications: t-RNA, r-RNA, and RNA, each with its own specific function
• Transcription can be divided into 3 substeps: Initiation, Elongation, Termination
• Transcription in Procaryotes involves an operon consisting of a promoter, genes, and DNA
• Transcription begins with the initiation of the sigma factor to the promoter region
• Transcription ends when the RNA polymerase encounters a specific sequence of bases called a terminator
• Translation is the last step of the Central Dogma process
• Translation occurs outside the nucleus, in eukaryotic cells
• Translation can be divided into 3 substeps: Initiation, Elongation, Termination
• For translation to begin, m-RNA must first bind to the ribosomes
• All protein synthesis begins with AUG, which is the initiation codon
• Translation is ended with a stop codon
• Possible combinations of the stop codon are: AUU, UAG, and UGA
• A single m-RNA can be read simultaneously by 10 to 20 ribosomes at once