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• Conceptualization Phase:

  • Topic identification
  • Studies recommended to focus on a not-too-broad but not-too-specific concept
  • Literature reviews may be present and required for quantitative studies but optional in qualitative inquiries
  • Objective framing or identifying the "Central Question" that needs to be addressed
• Design Phase:

  • Known as the planning phase
  • Researchers decide on detailed procedures in gathering and analyzing data
  • Address how, where, and when the study will be conducted and analyzed
• Empirical Phase:

  • Actual data gathering and collection
  • Researchers equipped with necessary attitude, behavior, and tools in gathering data from different sources
  • In qualitative studies, respondents are known as 'key informants' or co-researchers
• Analytical Phase:

  • Most challenging phase of the research
  • Preparation and assessment of data through the use of several tools and researchers' own understanding
  • Analysis of data supported by researchers' beliefs and previous studies in the same area of interest
• Analytical Phase (Qualitative Studies):

  • Interview text delimited to manageable statements and schematized
  • A model or simulacrum can be produced to summarize an understanding of themes that emerged in the study
  • Results are interpreted before the actual writeup
• Dissemination Phase:

  • Most valuable but often neglected by researchers
  • Research results advised to be shared in the form of a well-written full research manuscript to the general public
• Research Topic:

  • An intellectual stimulus calling for an answer in scientific inquiry
  • Research topics must be timely, trending, and trailblazing
  • Qualitative research topics focus on life-related concepts that are commonly non-measurable
  • Research topics often entail narration of past experiences
• Sources of Research Topic:

  • Own experience and interest
  • Own professional practice
  • Colleagues and critical friends (experts in the fields)
  • Related literature
  • Reconnaissance process of reviewing literature
• Research Title:

  • Must contain subject matter or research problem, setting or locale of the study, respondents involved, and time or period of the study
  • Should be broad, brief, and concise
  • Avoid using phrases like "Analysis of", "A Study of", "An Investigation of"
  • Title should not be longer than 15 words
• Sample Research Titles:

  • Titles should be broad, brief, and concise
  • Avoid phrases like "Analysis of", "A Study of", "An Investigation of"
  • Title page should have all words in capital letters
  • Titles should not be longer than 15 words