cultural diffusion - spread of cultural beliefs and social activities into different cultures
culturalerosion - reduction of a culture due to globalisation
deindustrialisation - reduction in industrial capaicty , leading to social and economic change within a region
diaspora - 'to scatter about' , people displaced from their homeland , voluntarily or forced
Foreign direct investment (FDI) - an investment by one country or business with an interest in another country
glocalisation - adaptation of a good offered by a TNC to suit a local market
high-level service - services that require skilled employees and can have complicated processes e.g finanical services
what is globalisation?
globalisation is the increasing connections between places and people across the planet , established through trade , politics , and cultural exchange , and helped by technology and transport.
4 types of globalisation
economic
social
cultural
political
what happened in 2000?
millennium development goals launches
launched by UN , aimed to raise living standards in world's poorest countries
what happened in 2004?
facebook begins
associated with growth of globalsation and 'shrinking world' effect (change in perception of what is near or far)
what happened in 2011?
china overtakes Japan to become the world's largest economy
what happened in 2001?
9/11
age of globalisation is afflicted by conflict and disagreement
what happened in 1996?
broadband internet becomes available for homes in US and EU.
what happened in 1990?
first proper Windows personal computers sold - miracle of tech at time
what happened in 1998?
tesco opens its first overseas store in Asia
what happened in 1975?
Britain joins Europe - political globalisation
what happened in 1944?
The World Bank is set up , close of Second World War
what happened in 1948?
Jamaicans migrate to the UK - British culture has become more globally diverse
what are the 5 globalisation flows?
labour
product
capital
information
service
free movement only possible within some regions e.g Schegen Area in EU
airlines such as Ryanair , Wizz Air and Easyjet let you travel to different countries for 20 - growth of tourist flows
what is a labour flow?
movements of working people , as internal migrants or emigrants/immigrants
what is a product flow?
transfer of goods across international borders from places of production to places of assembly and on to places of sale
what is a capital flow?
conveying money through financial transactions and dealings in stocks and shares , government bonds and investment banks
social globalisation
Social globalisation describes the increasing number of international migrants, the increasing quality of education and healthcare and the rise of social media.
cultural globalisation describes the spread of Western ideas and culture such as American films, fast food and fashion.
political globalisation
describes the growth of trade blocs as different countries seek to work together to increase the prevalence of free trade.
Important organisations in political globalisation are the World Bank, IMF (International Monetary Fund), World Trade Organisation and the United Nations.
economic globalisation
growth of MNCS (multinational corporations) or TNCS (transnational companies) e.g Apple , Google
includes growth of internet and better communication technology
leapfrogging - skipping past old technology and just making new technology
a flow is when countries share things with one another
core regions - wealthier , developed countries that have power
periphery regions - less wealthy, developing / less developed countries that have less power
product flows are international - transported to one country , transported to another
products are produced in HICs typically as they have the money to manufacture and produce (e.g more factories)
technological advancements (transport + communication) allows for flows of products to happen faster
offshoring - relocating internationally
offshoring to LIC's due to cheaper labor rates + reduced taxes. More profits for companies
HICS import products from LICS then sell them for much cheaper
offshoring to LICS has lead to exploitation e.g sweatshops in Vietnam for Nike