DRRR

• Disaster risk is the probability of harmful consequences or expected losses resulting from interactions between natural or human-induced hazards and vulnerable conditions.
• Vulnerability is the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard
• Exposure, on the other hand is the situation of people, infrastructure, housing, production capacities and other tangible human assets located in hazard-prone areas
• Hazard, lastly, is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effects on something or someone under certain conditions.
• Hazards are events or human activities that pose threats to life, property, economy and environment
• Natural Hazards are caused by the environment and thus cannot be prevented by human intervention, but the effects and impact can be mitigated
• Man-made Hazards is the result of human activities
• Prevention is to ensure that human action or natural phenomena do not result in disaster or emergency.
• Mitigation means to reduce the severity of the human and material damage caused by the disaster.
• Dormant - The situation presents a potential hazard, but no people, property, or environment are currently affected.
• Armed – People, property, or environment are in potential harm’s way
• Active – A harmful incident involving the hazard has actually occurred.
• Biological hazards known as biohazards, are agents that may cause potential harm to human health and other organisms.
• Radioactive hazards define the risks produced upon exposed elements (living and non-living), may it be of long term exposures or short contact in minutes quantities
• Chemical hazards are substances that can cause harm or damage to the body, property or the environment
• Physical hazard is any condition – a substance or an activity – having the potential to cause harm or adverse effect to the body. I
• Ergonomic hazards are physical factors in the environment that occur when the kind of work, positioning of the body and working conditions put tension and stress on your body which causes adverse effects on the body’s musculoskeletal system.
• Psychological hazard is a type of occupational hazard that influences the mental health of workers, including their capability to partake in a work environment among other people.
• Safety hazard is the most common and will be current in uttermost work environments at one time or another.
• Natural hazard is a threatening event, or probability of occurrence of a potentially damaging phenomenon within a given time period and area
• Identification – Look for the hazard
• Assessment and Evaluation – Decide who might be harmed, how, and to what extent
• Controls – Decide whether the existing precautions are adequate or more should be done
• Monitoring and Reviewing - Periodic checking for continuous improvement
• First Aid - It is an initial assistance or emergency treatment given to a casualty for any injury or sudden illness before regular medical care can be obtained.
• First Aider - Someone who is qualified to give First Aid Treatment in the event of an injury or illness.
•  Fainting - caused by a sudden drop in the supply of blood to the brain that results to temporary loss of consciousness.
• Nose Bleed (Epistaxis) - occurs when a small blood vessel in the lining of the nose bursts.
• Wounds - break in the continuity of a body tissue, either external or internal.
• Hematoma (or blood tumor) – caused by damage to a blood vessel that in turn causes blood to collect under the skin.
• Contusions – commonly known as bruises. Caused by an external blunt force trauma that damage tissues under the skin.
• Crush injury - caused by great or extreme amount of force applied over a long period of time.
• Strained Muscles – over stretching of muscles that have not been sufficiently warmed-up (also known as Cold Muscles)
• Sprained Ligament – sudden force causing the joint/s to move beyond its natural range of movement to break one’s fall at speed during activities, such as ice skating.
• Avulsion – is a forcible separation or tearing of tissue from the victim’s body.
• Incised Wounds or Incisions – wounds or cuts in body tissues that are commonly caused by knives, metal edges, broken glasses, or other sharp objects.
• Puncture – wounds that are caused by a sharp object that penetrates the skin.
• Penetration wound - caused by an object such as a knife entering and coming out from the skin.
• Fracture – a medical condition in which there is a break in the continuity of the bone.
• Greenstick Fracture – an incomplete fracture in which the bone is bent.