lesson 8-9

Cards (38)

  • Fire - the rapid oxidation of a material in the exothermal chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reactions products
  • The Fire Triangle
    • Oxygen
    • Heat
    • Fuel
  • Oxygen - when released, it serves as an oxidizing agent for combustible materials.
  • Heat - energy that flows through object
  • Fuel - any material that can be burned such as solid, liquid, or gas
  • Fire Extinguishment Theory
    Removing the heat - lower the temperature which is usually accomplished by adding water as an extinguishing agent
  • Fire Extinguishment Theory
    Removing the oxygen - removal of the air or oxygen by separating it from the fuel source or by displacing it with other gases (CO2, N2, steam)
  • Fire Extinguishment Theory
    Removing the fuel - when dealing with flammable liquid fire, valves can be shut off and storage vessels pumped to safe areas to help eliminate the supply of fuel to the fire.
  • Fire Starters (Natural Causes)
    Lighting - result to forest fire or fire in general
  • Fire Starters (Natural Causes)
    Volcanic Activities - hot gas, ashes, and lava can result to forest fire
  • Fire Starters (Natural Causes)
    Spontaneous Combustion - hydrocarbon substance unexpectedly create fire without apparent cause
  • Fire Starters (Man-made causes)
    • candles
    • faulty wiring
    • curious children
    • cigarettes
    • bbq and cooking
    • flammable liquids
  • Classification of Fire
    Class A - wood, paper, cloth, trash, and other ordinary materials
  • Classification of Fire
    Class B - gasoline, oil, paint, and other flammable liquids
  • Classification of Fire
    Class C - live electrical equipment or wirings
  • Classification of Fire
    Class D - combustible metals and combustible metal alloys
  • Classification of Fire
    Class K - cooking media (vegetable or animal oils and fats)
  • Types of Fire Extinguisher
    Water - used on paper, wood, coal, cardboard, and other solid fuel fires
  • Types of Fire Extinguisher
    Water - class A
  • Types of Fire Extinguisher
    Foam - used on solid fuel fires as well as flammable liquids
  • Types of Fire Extinguisher
    Foam - class A, class B
  • Types of Fire Extinguisher
    Powder - used on any kind of fire except for class F cooking oils
  • Types of Fire Extinguisher
    Powder - class A, class B, class C, class D, electrical
  • Types of Fire Extinguisher
    CO2 - used on flammable liquids and electrical fires
  • Types of Fire Extinguisher
    CO2 - class B, electrical
  • Types of Fire Extinguisher
    Wet Chemical - used on cooking oil fires as well as combustible solid materials
  • Types of Fire Extinguisher
    Wet Chemical - class A, class F
  • Fire Signs
    Green and White - means safe conditions (exit signs)
  • Fire Signs
    Blue - mandatory action or must do action
  • Fire Signs
    Red - prohibition or you most not go on with that location (might cause harm)
  • Check the door
    • Check if there is smoke coming from under the door or if the door is hot to touch.• If the door is cool to touch, open it slowly and pass. If not, keep it closed and stay in the room.• Place wet towels on the gaps to prevent fire and smoke from coming in.• Have someone pop out of a window and wave something bright, like a flashlight or a brightly-coloredcloth, to signal for help.• Once out of the room, use your building’s emergency exit and evacuate immediately without panic.
  • P.A.S.S.
    • Pull the pin in the handle.• Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire.• Squeeze the lever slowly.• Sweep from side to side.
  • Stay Low
    • Crawl and cover your nose and mouth.• Smoke is toxic and inhaling large amounts can render you unconscious.• Once you are outside, call the fire department.• Do not attempt to go back to the burning building
  • Stop, Drop, and Roll
    • If your clothes caught fire, do not panic or touch the flame as it could only spread the fire.• Stop moving, Drop on the ground, and Roll around until the fire is put out.• Doing this will lessen injuries and put out the fire as quickly as possible
  • What NOT to do during a fire incident
    • refrain installing smoke alarm detectors
    • pop upstairs to retrieve heirlooms, passports, and pets
    • open doors that have smoke flowing from the joints
    • throw water on a chip pan fire
    • try and escape using an elevator
    • jump from an upstairs window
    • hide in a cupboard or under the bed
    • delay calling the fire and rescue services
  • Fire Drill - is a process of practicing how an establishment/building would be evacuated in the event of a fire or other emergencies
  • How to conduct fire drills in school
    • Alarm - fire alarms are signaled
    • Response - students will have to be alert for fire and smoke
    • Evacuation - all school personnel and students evacuate, following pre-determined ways to evacuation areas
    • Evaluation - conducted to identify problems during the drill and how to correct these problems
    • Head Count - teachers-in-charge must check to attendance of the class to make sure that everyone is counted in
    • Assembly - students are grouped accordingly
  • How to create a fire evacuation plan for your household
    • plan for everyone
    • find two ways out
    • involve children in planning
    • have a backup plan
    • share with everyone
    • practice regularly