DRRR

• Disaster is defined as a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources (FAO, 2008)
• Republic Act 10121 strengthens the Philippines Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System, providing for the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan and immediate release of calamity funds to local government units for disaster mitigation and preparedness
• Disaster risk is the potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets that could occur to a system, society, or community in a specific period of time
• It is important to consider the social and economic contexts in which disaster risks occur and that people do not necessarily share the same perceptions of risk and their underlying risk factors
• Disaster impact may create a multitude of effects depending on the community's capacity and resilience
• Disaster risk reduction aims to prevent new and reduce existing disaster risk, manage residual risk, strengthen resilience, and contribute to sustainable development
• • Political Perspective: targets how government services are utilized to reduce disaster risk and losses, such as budget allocation for disaster response
  • Biological Perspective: recognizes the possibility of disease outbreaks after disasters, such as overcrowded evacuation centers leading to faster disease transmission
• In analyzing disaster effects, it is important to consider different perspectives:

  • Physical Perspective: focuses on visible and tangible materials affected by disasters, such as destroyed roads
  • Psychological Perspective: focuses on people's mental health in response to disaster impacts, such as post-traumatic counseling
  • Sociocultural Perspective: highlights collective responses to disasters based on perceptions, such as the Filipino concept of bayanihan during crises
  • Economic Perspective: investigates communities' economic activities and disruptions, such as transportation of goods
• Disaster is defined as a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources (FAO, 2008)
• Republic Act 10121 strengthens the Philippines Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System, providing for the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan and immediate release of calamity funds to local government units for disaster mitigation and preparedness
• Disaster risk is the potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets that could occur to a system, society, or community in a specific period of time
• It is important to consider the social and economic contexts in which disaster risks occur and that people do not necessarily share the same perceptions of risk and their underlying risk factors
• Disaster impact may create a multitude of effects depending on the community's capacity and resilience
• The effects of disasters can be classified as primary, secondary, and tertiary effects:

  • Primary effects are direct manifestations from the disaster event itself
  • Secondary effects arise from primary effects, involves biophysical and ecological processes and systems.
  • Tertiary effects arise from secondary effects, the effects usually take a longer time to manifest and may involve effects that diffuse among the community members.
• Disaster risk reduction aims to prevent new and reduce existing disaster risk, manage residual risk, strengthen resilience, and contribute to sustainable development
• Physical Perspective:

  • Focuses on visible and tangible materials, natural or man-made, affected by disasters
  • Example: Destroyed roads causing people to use alternative routes
• Psychological Perspective:

  • Focuses on people's mental health in response to disaster impacts
  • Example: People receiving post-traumatic counseling after being affected by severe typhoons or earthquakes
• Sociocultural Perspective:

  • Highlights how people respond collectively to disasters based on their perceptions
  • Example: Filipinos exemplifying bayanihan during times of crisis from natural or man-made disasters
• Economic Perspective:

  • Investigates communities' economic activities and their disruption
  • Example: Transportation of goods by land or sea
• Political Perspective:

  • Targets how government services are utilized to reduce disaster risk and losses
  • Example: The president giving a talk on budget allocation for disaster response
• Biological Perspective:

  • Recognizes the possibility of disease outbreaks after a disaster
  • Example: Packed evacuation centers exceeding standard occupancy leading to faster disease transmission
• Basic Concepts of DRRR: disaster, disaster risk, hazards, exposure and vulnerability
• Disaster is "a sudden, calamitous occurrence that causes great harm, injury, destruction, and devastation to life and property". It disrupts the usual course of life, causing both physical and emotional distress such asan intense feeling of helplessness and hopelessness.
• A preceding definition of disaster stresses that two elements are affected -life (whether human or animal) and property. The effects vary -it maybe a minor damage (like broken windows and doors), major damage (like torn rooftops, collapsed walls), destruction (like destroyed houses and structures rendering them useless and inhabitable) and the worst scenario, it can lead to death. (Asian Disaster Preparedness Center, ADPC, 2012)
• Disasters are often a result of the combination of the exposure to a hazard; the conditions of vulnerability that are present; and insufficient capacity or measures to reduce or cope with the potential negative consequences
• A hazard is anything that could cause harm. And, risk, is a combination of two things – the chance that the hazard will cause harm and how serious that harm could be.
• Exposure - the location, attributes, and value of assets that are important to communities (people, buildings, factories, farmland, etc.) and that could be affected by a hazard. Vulnerability – the likelihood that assets will be damaged/destroyed/affected when exposed to a hazard.