Modern Philosophy

Subdecks (2)

Cards (66)

  • statement/proposition
    sentences that are either true or false
  • argument
    collection of statements, at least one offers support for another one
  • premise
    the support for a conclusion
  • validity
    if the premises are true than the conclusion must be true
  • deductive argument
    argument aims for certainty; are either valid or invalid
  • inductive argument
    important for science, observations
  • metaphysics
    the true nature of reality
  • epistemology
    study of knowledge
  • hylomorphism
    metaphysical view that objects(substances) are a combination of matter and form (ex.Aristotle and Scholastics)
  • soundness
    argument that is valid and has true premises
  • substantial forms
    the theoretical view that all phenomena can be explained by substantial forms
  • substances
    thing that has properties
  • essential properties 

    if these change, the substance is no longer the same thing; makes something what it is
  • accidental properties 

    the properties a substance has that can change without the thing changes
  • true accident
    whether or not it belongs to the substance
  • corpuscularianism
    the metaphysical view that everything is composed of tiny particles(corpuscles) that have shape, size and motion
  • mechanism
    theoretical view that ALL phenomena in nature can be explained
  • innate ideas
    ideas that we are born with
  • a priori
    knowledge prior to experience
  • a posteriori
    all knowledge comes after experience
  • rationalism
    view that some knowledge can be had prior; not always requires having prior experience
  • empiricism
    somebody who believes all knowledge comes from experiences