Protestant religious revival throughout Am. colonies
Mormons
1st leader was Joe Smith, known as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints then the second leader was Brigham Young
Charles Grandison Finney
Peacher, leader of 2nd Great Awakening did not like the transcendentalist
Joseph Smith
Religious leader, who founded Mormonism
Brigham Young
Religious leader, 2nd president of the Church of Jesus Christ led followers to Salt Lake Valley
Am. Temperance Society
Boston 1826 growing effort of 19th-century reformers to limit alcohol consumption
Seneca Falls Convention
1st woman's rights convention (discuss civil, religious and social rights of women)
Transcendentalism
Literacy and intellectual movement emphasized individualism and self-reliance each person has an inner light that leads them to God
Dorothea Dix
Am. Nurse, superintendent of Army Nurses, and improved the conditions for the mentally ill
Lucretia Mott
Am. Quaker, abolitionist, women rights activist
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Am. writer and activist leader of the women's rights movement
Henry David Thoreau
Am. naturalist and essayist wrote "Civil Disobedience" in favor of disobedience against an unjust state
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Am. essayist, abolitionist, and led the transcendentalism movement wrote "Self Reliance"
Burned-Over District
The popular name for NY region swept away in religious fervor of the 2nd great awakening
Industrial Rev.
Creating goods by hand to working in factories and machines
Market Rev.
Transformation from the process of making to a national commercial and industrial network
Samuel Slater
Am. industrialist as the father of the Rev. helped build the textile industry and constructed a new mill, water powered cotton spinning mill
Eli Whitney
Am. inventor, invented the cotton gin and created interchangeable parts for guns
Cotton Gin
invented by Eli Whitney which separates cotton from seeds easier than manual seperation
Cult of Domesticity
Religious belief respected the domestic role of women, which said that women belonged in their homes
Commonwealth v. Hunt
Massachusetts Supreme Court decisions that strengthened the labor movement supporting the legality of unions
Know-nothing Party
Nativist party emerged in response to an inflation of immigration (Irish Catholics)
Order of star-spangled banner
secret society in NY created by Charles B. Allen to protest the rise of Irish and German catholic immigrants into the US
Nativism
Protecting people with citizenship instead of immigrants
McCormick Reaper *mechanical reaper
Mechanized harvest of grains like wheat allowed farmers to get more land. Fueled large commercial agriculture in the Midwest
Steel Plow
Farm tool loosens and turn soil giving it nutrients killing weeds and inserting seeds
Black Belt
Regions in deep South with high concentration of slaves, increased as cotton production became popular (Slavery expanded in the south and the west)
Gag Resolution
Denied debate or action on anti-slavery appeals Driven through House of Pro-slavery southerners passed every year for 8 years (Overturned by Quincy Adams)
William Lloyd Garrison
Am. journalist and abolitionist known for the anti-slavery newspaper (The Liberator) helped abolish slavery
Sojourner Truth
African American abolitionist activist for civil rights, etc. Born into slavery in Swartekill, NY but escaped with her daughter
Pony Express
speedy mail service between Missouri and California relied on lightweight riders galloping between closely placed outposts
Transportation Rev.
Series of transportation inventions linked local and regional markets creating a national economy
New Harmony
In Indiana created by Robert Owen attracted scholars and crocks, but fell apart due to infighting and confusion after two days
Brook Farm
Transcendentalist emphasized living plainly and persuing life of the mind community fell into debt and dissolved when their communal home burned
Oneida
The community advocated free love, birth control, and eugenics they reflected the reformist spirit of the age
Shakers
lively dance worship simple communal living practiced celibacy, first formed in England later America by Mother Ann Lee by 1940s it died out
Horace Mann
Am. educational reformer and slavery abolitionist (Father of Am. education)
Appeal to the colored citizen of the world
Abolitionist track advocating violent overthrow of slavery published by David Walker, southern born free black