Cardiovascular System

Cards (15)

  • vascular system - loop consisting of a network of blood vessels through which blood si circulated to the rest of the body.
  • Vascular System has two divisions: the pulmonary circulation and the systemic circulation.
  • pulmonary circulation moves the blood between the right ventricle of the heart ot the lungs.
  • systematic circulation moves
    the oxygenated blood and nutrients from the left ventricle of the heart to the rest of the body.
  • Structure of Vascular System
    1. Arteries - thick-walled blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body
  • Structure of Vascular System
    1. Arterioles - small-diameter blood vessels that branch out from the arteries and lead to the capillaries
  • Structure of Vascular System
    Veins - tubes with thin walls that carry deoxygenated blood from tissues to the heart
  • Structure of Vascular System
    Venules- very small veins that collect blood from the capillaries
  • Structure of Vascular System
    Capillaries - fine hair-like blood vessels that connect arterioles and veins
  • Blood Vessel Structure
    a Layers - the blood vessels have three layers:
    tunica adventitia (outer connective tissue);
    tunica media (middle, muscle a n d elastic fiber); and
    •tunica intima (inner, endothelial cell).
    b Lumen - space inside the blood vessel where the blood flows.
    c. Valves - found in the veins, these are thin membranous leaflets that
    prevent the backflow of blood.
  • Disorders of the Vascular System
    Aneurysm - enlargement of the artery due to the weakening of the artery wall
    Arteriosclerosis - hardening of the artery wal due to aging
  • Disorders of the Vascular System
    Atherosclerosis - formation of plaques in the inner walls
    Embolism - clot or bubble that causes obstruction of an artery
  • Disorders of the Vascular System
    Hemorrhoids - swollen veins in the area of the anus
    Phlebitis- inflammation of the veins particularly the wall
  • Disorders of the Vascular System
    Thrombophlebitis - swelling of the veins of the legs that usually occurs during pregnancy
    Thrombus - blood clot that impedes blood flow Varicose veins - usually found in the legs, these are veins that have been twisted and enlarged
  • Diagnostic Tests • D-dimer
    • Fibrin degradation products (FDP) • Lipoproteins
    • Prothrombin time (PT)
    • Partial thromboplastin time (PIT/APTT) •Triglycerides