Contemporary Urban Environments

• Accessibility: How easy it is to travel to a place or interact with an individual
• Agriculture Based Regeneration:

  • Focuses on helping local farms produce extra revenue
  • Includes creating farm shops, building the reputation of local produce, and starting local farm attractions like maze mazes, muddy assault courses, tractor trailer rides
• Amenity Value: The value of a resource to locals and businesses, such as beaches, timber, and coal
• Built Environment: Refers to the buildings and infrastructure within an urban area
• Capital: Includes productive assets, goods, or financial stakes
• Central Business District (CBD): The center of a city with a high density of businesses and TNC headquarters
• Council Estate: Consists only of social housing, with tenants on subsidised rent
• Counter Urbanisation: An increase in the proportion of a population living within rural areas due to migration from urban to rural regions
• Cultural Enrichment: The addition of ideas, traditions, and beliefs due to the arrival of new people
• Cultural Erosion: The loss of a culture, resulting in a change in ideas or disregard for traditions
• Culture: Refers to the way of life of a particular group of people at a particular time, generally customs and beliefs
• Culture-led Regeneration:

  • Focuses on enhancing historic or cultural attractions of an area
  • Includes opening stately homes and building a reputation based on famous residents
• Cycle of Deprivation: A negative multiplier effect where deindustrialisation leads to economic loss, declining quality of life, and loss of services, further exacerbating deindustrialisation
• Degeneration: The decline of a region over time due to insufficient funds, outward migration, and declining quality of life for residents
• Deindustrialisation: A reduction in industrial capacity leading to social and economic change within a region
• Demographic: Refers to the characteristics of a population
• Deprivation: Individuals lacking basic services or objects they would expect to have in the 21st Century
• Dereliction: The loss of industry or productivity of a land, leaving it abandoned
• Diversity: Refers to the variation within a population in their characteristics, background, and behavior
• Elite Migrants: Migration due to an individual's wealth or status, often investing in the host country through investment visas, property, or business
• Environmental Impact Assessment: The study of environmental impacts caused by large business projects
• Environmental Regeneration: Focuses on restoring and maintaining natural environments such as woodlands, beaches, and national parks
• Ethnicity: Refers to the cultural background of a group of people, often based on religion or country of origin
• Gated Communities: Urban neighborhoods surrounded by gates often to improve privacy and safety, potentially leading to segregation within a community
• Gentrification: Renovation of older/deteriorating buildings or areas with the aim of attracting high-income individuals or elite businesses to a place
• Green Belt: Strips of greenfield land surrounding major UK cities, protected to reduce urban sprawl and preserve natural environments and habitats
• Governance: Refers to the management of a place or group of people
• Hard Regeneration: Involves the construction of new buildings and infrastructure and investment within a region
• Idyll: A location with ideal living conditions and good qualities, often based on a perception
• Inequality: Refers to differences in income, well-being, and wealth between individuals, communities, and society
• Internal Migration: The movement of people within a country
• International Migration: The movement of people from one country to another
• Kuznet's Curve: A graph describing environmental degradation as a country's GDP per capita increases
• Leisure-led Regeneration: Focuses on attracting tourists or improving the social quality of life through sports & activities, attractions, etc
• Life-cycle Stage: Refers to the change in opinions and values at different stages of an individual's life
• Life Expectancy: The average number of years an individual is likely to live, determined at birth
• Lived Experience: The contribution of experiences and opportunities to an individual's views and values
• Media: Refers to the publishing of information and production of entertainment, such as BBC, local newspapers, radio stations
• Multicultural: Refers to the existence, acceptance, or promotion of multiple cultural traditions within a single geographic area
• Non-Agricultural Based Regeneration: Focuses on producing revenue for rural businesses, such as Tea Rooms, Paintballing, Historic Attractions