Arabic: Syntax

• Verbs of proximity make the Mubtada nominative and the Khabar accusative like Kaana, but their predicate is always in the Imperfect tense
• There are three types of verbs of proximity based on meaning:

  • Verbs of proximity (1)
  • Verbs of hope (2)
  • Verbs of beginning (3)
• Verbs of proximity (1) indicate the nearness of the predicate and there are three of them:

  • ارشک
  • گرب
  • گاد
• Examples of verbs of proximity:

  • كاد المطر ينزل (Rain is near-to fall)
  • كرب الشتاء ينقضى (Winter is near to end)
  • أوشك المال أن ينقد (Wealth is near to run out)
• Verbs of hope (2) indicate the hope of the predicate and there are also three of them:

  • إخلولق
  • خرى
  • عسى
• Examples of verbs of hope:

  • عسى ربكم أن يرحمكم (Perhaps your Lord may have mercy on you)
  • خرى المريض أن يشفى (Perhaps the patient may have cure)
  • إخلولق الكسلان أن يجتهد (Perhaps the lazy man works hard)