ancient china 𐙚

    Cards (44)

    • Qin was the state that gained power after the period of Warring States, with Qin Shihuangdi ruling
    • Qin Shihuangdi created a strong central government by basing it on legalism, punishing opposition and burning books that opposed him publicly
    • Qin Shihuangdi unified China by introducing one currency throughout the empire, building roads, and a canal connecting the Chang Jiang in central China
    • Qin Shihuangdi helped protect China by building The Great Wall to fend off invaders like the Xiongnu and by increasing China's wealth through infrastructure projects
    • Despite his positive impact, Qin Shihuangdi was viewed as an oppressor for treating people badly and making them his slaves
    • Groups opposing Qin Shihuangdi included:
      • Aristocrats, whose power he reduced
      • Scholars, who resented him for burning their writings
      • Farmers, who were forced to build roads and the Great Wall of China
    • The Qin dynasty fell shortly after Qin Shihuangdi's death due to his cruel rule, leading to a Civil War and the rise of a new dynasty
    • The dynasty that came after the Qin was the Han Dynasty
    • After the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty came into power
    • The first ruler of the Han Dynasty was Han Gaozu
    • Han Gaozu's policies were similar to the Qin Dynasty as both used censors, but they differed in that Han Gaozu brought peace and prosperity to his reign
    • Han Wudi instituted the civil service exam
    • Pros and cons of the civil service exam:
      • Pros: if you passed, you could get very well jobs
      • Cons: if you failed, you could only work at a school, as an assistant, or support family
    • Farmers became tenant farmers by selling their land to aristocrats
    • The Han Dynasty defeated the Xiongnu in the north, leading to almost 150 years of peace in China
    • The Silk Road was a large trading network where only high-end goods were sold to maintain its exclusivity and high value
    • Advancements from the Han Dynasty:
      • Opened China's trade system
      • Population and land mass grew
      • Created government civil service examination
      • Developed steel production
      • Advanced acupuncture
      • Improved sea travel
    • Daoism, Confucianism, and Legalism arose to restore order after the Period of Warring States
    • China's longest running dynasty was the Zhou Dynasty
    • Wu Wang led a rebellion against the Shang Dynasty, starting the Zhou Dynasty
    • Accomplishments/achievements of the Shang Dynasty include Irrigation and Flood Control and Pictographs
    • An accomplishment/achievement of the Zhou Dynasty was Silk Production
    • The Huang He river flowed from Mongolia to the Pacific Ocean
    • The Chang Jiang river flowed from central Asia to the Yellow Sea
    • China's development was shaped by Mountains, Deserts, and Rivers
    • Harsh laws and punishments were taught to be necessary for an orderly society by Hanfeizi
    • An orderly society comes about when everyone does their duty, according to Confucius
    • Laozi taught that people should give up worldly desires and turn to nature
    • Filial Piety is the idea that children should have complete respect for parents and elders
    • The invention that changed warfare in Early China was the Saddle and Stirrup
    • The Mandate of Heaven gave power to both the ruler and the people
    • A bureaucracy is a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives
    • An ideograph is a character that represents an idea
    • A dynasty is a line of hereditary rulers of a country
    • An aristocrat is a noble whose wealth came from the land he owned
    • The mandate was the proper way that kings were supposed to rule
    • Contact can have different meanings, such as a person, place, thing, or action
    • In Ancient China, merchants were not allowed to have government jobs because officials shouldn't worry about money
    • The three main social classes of early China were land-owning aristocrats, peasant farmers, and merchants
    • The two primary responsibilities of women in Chinese society were raising children and managing the household
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