GOV unit 4

• An example of a policy causing tension between equality of opportunity and limited government:

  • Mandating that all schools have English language programs
• An example of a policy causing tension between individualism and rule of law:

  • Criminalizing the use of recreational drugs like marijuana
• Core values

  Equality of opportunity; The belief that everyone should have the same opportunities to advance in society.
• Core values

  Rule of Law; A principle of government that no person no matter how powerful or poor they are, the law applies to everyone equally.
• Core values Individualism; A principle valuing individual rights over those of the government, with strong emphasis on individual initiative and responsibility.
• Core values Free Enterprise; The belief in the right to compete freely in a market economy by supply and demand with limited government involvement.
• Core values

  Limited Government; A political system where the government has restrictions in order to protect individual rights and liberties. 
• List advantages and disadvantages of globalization. 

  • It lets everyone share resources
  • Improves communication
  • It benefits the wealthy more than the poor
  • Negatively impacts the enviorment
• Political socialization is how we learn to think politically

  Examples

  • Family
  • Friends
  • School
  • Social media
• Political affiliations in the US:

  • Democrats (Liberals)
  • Republicans (Conservatives
• Gender differences in political affiliation:

  • Females are more likely to be Democrats
  • Males are more likely to be Republicans
• Age and political affiliation:

  • Younger and older individuals tend to lean towards Democrats
  • Middle-aged individuals tend to lean towards Republicans
• Religion and political affiliation:

  • Jews and those unaffiliated with a religion are more likely to be Democrats
  • Catholics and Protestants are more likely to be Republicans
• Race and political affiliation:

  • African Americans and Hispanic Americans are more likely to be Democrats
  • Whites are more likely to be Republicans
• Education level and political affiliation:

  • The more educated people tend to lean towards Democrats
  • The less educated people tend to lean towards Republicans
• Region of the US and political affiliation:

  • Northeasterners and Westerners tend to lean towards Democrats
  • Midwesterners and Southerners tend to lean towards Republicans
• Silent Generation might feel the need for a better world for their family (children and grandchildren)
• Baby Boomers might prioritize safety issues due to past wars, potentially leading to more support for the military
• Generation X may be concerned about corruption issues, making them more likely to be informed about their voting choices
• Generation Z may focus on social and educational issues, leading them to engage in forms of political participation like protests and voting
• Elements of a scientific poll:

  • Sampling techniques: ways to choose the audience, ensuring equal representation
  • Identification of respondents: clarity on who is being asked
  • Mass survey: larger group for more accuracy
  • Sampling error: level of confidence in poll findings, more interviews lead to more confidence and a smaller margin of error for accuracy
• Types of scientific polls:

  • Opinion polls: interviews or surveys with samples of citizens to estimate the feelings and beliefs of the entire population
  • Benchmark polls: the first poll taken, used as a benchmark for tracking polls
  • Tracking polls: ask people the same or similar questions over time to track public opinion
  • Entrance and exit polls: taken before or after voting on election day to predict outcomes
• Examples of problematic questions in polls:

  • "Do you want to end the war in Iraq to stop the murder of innocent people?"
  • "Do you support war with Iran? Mark 'yes' or 'no.'"
  • "70% of people in homeless shelters are children. Should we increase funding for shelters?"
• Democratic Party stance on Health Care:

  • Believe it should be accessible to everyone as a right
  • Fight against Republicans to save Medicare and defend the Affordable Care Act
• Republican Party stance on Health Care:

  • Want to repeal Obamacare
  • Think most things need to be left up to the states
• Democratic Party stance on Crime:

  • Focus on prevention and treatment over incarceration
  • Make it clear there is no place for racism
• Republican Party stance on Crime:

  • Believe every human life matters
  • Focus on restorative justice for the victim while punishing the offender
• Democratic Party stance on Business Regulation:

  • Support a $15 minimum wage
  • Anyone should be allowed to join the union
• Republican Party stance on Business Regulation:

  • Minimum wage should be left up to the states
• Democratic Party stance on Military Spending:

  • Advocate for the strongest military but oppose going to war without what is needed and without citizens' knowledge
  • War should never be the first choice
• Republican Party stance on Military Spending:

  • Advocate for the strongest military and superiority over other nations
• Democratic Party stance on Taxes:

  • Want taxes to go back to business, ensure well-paying jobs, make the wealthy pay their share, and offer tax relief for middle-class families
• Republican Party stance on Taxes:

  • Want pro-growth tax codes