Joints

• The knee joint also includes the patella which sits on top of the patellar groove of the distal end of the femur
• The knee joint has two articulations, one between the medial condyle of the femur and the medial condyle of the tibia (medial tibiofemoral joint) and another between the lateral condyle of the femur and the lateral condyle of the tibia (lateral tibiofemoral joint)
• The joint between the femur and tibia is called the knee joint
• The tibia is the larger bone that articulates with both the femur and fibula, while the fibula is smaller and lies laterally to the tibia.
• The knee joint is a synovial hinge joint with collateral ligaments that prevent abduction/adduction movements
• In humans, there are two types of synovial joints - diarthrosis (synovial) and amphiarthrosis (slightly movable)
• The knee joint is stabilised by the cruciate ligaments which are located within the joint capsule
• The knee joint is a synovial hinge joint with collateral ligaments that prevent excessive movement
• The anterior cruciate ligament prevents forward movement of the tibia relative to the femur
• The knee joint allows flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, internal rotation/external rotation, and varus/valgus movements
• Diarthroses allow movement between bones through the use of articular cartilage, hyaline cartilage, meniscus, ligaments, tendons, bursae, and synovial fluid.
• The knee joint allows flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, internal rotation/external rotation, and varus/valgus movements.
• The knee joint allows flexion and extension movements
• The knee joint is stabilized by the cruciate ligaments, menisci, and articular cartilage
• Diarthroses allow movement at the joint through the presence of articular cartilage, hyaline cartilage, and synovial fluid
• The patella is a sesamoid bone found at the anterior end of the stifle joint
• The knee joint is surrounded by synovial fluid-filled capsules and contains articular cartilage on the surfaces of bones involved in the joint.
• Amphiarthroses have limited mobility due to the lack of articular cartilage or the presence of dense connective tissue
• The quadriceps muscle group consists of four muscles that attach to the patella via the quadriceps tendon