Article 7

• 1935 section 1


  vesting the power in one person alone – the presidenr of the philippines
• Chief executive


  President is also known as chief executive
• President (chief executive)


  Head pf the state and head of the government
• Prime minister under 1937 


  Presidebt is not legislative leader with membership to the congress
• Executive power 


  Power to administer the kaw, carry them in practical operation and enforcing their due observance
• qualification for presidency and vice presidency

  Natural born filipino, registered viter, able to read and write, 40 years atleast on the election day, resident of the philippines for atleast 10 years.
• Liberal democracy


  What hinders the concept of de leon's added qualification
• US VP


  THEIR MAIN DUTY IS TO BE THE SENATE PRESIDENT
• Heads of executive departments appointed by the president

  Cabinet
• Secretary


  Kay be one with portfolio or incharge if a definite department or known as presidential assistants
• En banc


  French term equivalent to "on the bench, member os supreme court responsible for judgement of all contests relating to the election
• Systems of direct voting

  System of direct popular election of the president despite allegations
• Election of congress (in case of tie)


  President shall be chosen by a vote of majority of all members of congress in session assembled
• Those who served beyond the term

  Manuel Quezon (due to war) Elpidio Quirino (VP elec, finished the remaining 3-4 years) ferdinand marcos (went beyond term after declaration of martial law) Gloria macapagal Aroyo (assumed office from erap estrada who was ousted in 2001, was elected fir president back in 2004)
• Tenure of office 


  different from term in the office, tenure of office is equivalent to the duration of which the duty is possessed by the person in the iffice
• Absolute disqualification of president


  A person who already held the presidential office is directly disqualified for REELECTION
• Eligibility of VP

  a vice president cannot run for VICE PRESIDNECY for more than 2 succeeding term, but allowed to run for PRESIDENCY
• VICE PRESIDENT

  Those who served for more than 4 years as acting president is disqualified from running for presidency
• President and VP

  may be elected to lower offices
• Prior to execution of their office

  a president and vuce president elect should take their oath
• Speaker of the house of representatives or senate president


  individuals who will be acting president in case both pres. Elec and VP elec cannot fulfill the duty
• Department secretaries


  Member of cabinet who head and run a regular department
• Presidential assistants 


  Given the rank of secretary and are so addressed but are not full pledged cabinet members
• appointments that can't be checked by commission of appointment on the selection of president

  Wether they apporve the selection of following: department undersecretaries and head of bureaus and certain offices, members of judiciary and ombudsman, chairman and members of the commission of human rights.
• Regular appointments


  Those made during session of congress
• Ad interim ( temporary) 


  Those made during recess of congress
• Kind of acceptance of appointment

  Express (verbal or written) / implied (w/o formal acceptance)
• Power of the presidwnt as administrator

  Emphasizes the duty of the president as admin
• Primary function of president

  To enforce laws
• Comander in chief of all armed forces

  Whenever it comes necessary this role is assigned to the president, for 60 days(or less) hw can suspend the writ of habeas corpus or place the country under martial law
• Martial law


  All laws that have reference to and administered by the military forces of the state
• Pardoning power


  Power to free up violators to the law, estebds to all offenses but it does not give the president a power to exempt
• Reprieve 


  Postponement of death sentence to a certain date
• Suspension of sentence

  Posponement of sentence for an indefinite time
• Reduction of sentence imposed in lesser punishment (from death is down to life imprisonment)

  Commutation
• Pardon 


  Act of grace proceeding from the power entrusted with the execution of tge laws; exempting individual from the law inflicts on crime he has committed
• Absolute pardon


  Not subject to any conditio; effective when made
• Conditional


  Given subject to any wualification or condition president may see fit. Must be accepted by offender to be effective
• Remission

  Prevents the collection if fines or confiscation of forfeited property
• Amnesty


  Act of sovereign power granting oblivion or general pardon for a past offense usually granted in favor of certain classes who have committed crimes regarding political chatacter