Earthquake

• Earthquake: The perceptible shaking of the surface of the earth, caused by the sudden release of energy in earth's crust that releases seismic waves (USGS)
• The earth: is dynamic
• The outermost layer of the earth is broken into pieces that are called plates that are moving away or toward each other
• Crust: outermost layer. Surface of the earth
• Mantle: Highly viscous layer of the earth
• outer core: hot and liquid; mostly nickel and iron
• inner core: solid iron and little nickel
• Pangea was the supercontinent that existed 250 Million years ago
• Pangea was divided into two; Laurasia and Gondwanaland
• 3 boundaries of the plate: divergent, convergent, and transform
• Divergent: causes volcanos to occur. Spreading centers where plates are moving apart and new crust is created by magma pushing up the mantle
• convergent: one plate is subducted underneath another plate.
• Transform: two plates sliding past each other
• Plates move because of the intense heat in its core that causes molten rocks in the mantle to move.
• Plates move in a pattern called convection cell
• Types of natural earthquakes: Tectonic and Volcanic
• Tectonic: produced by sudden movement of plates and fault boundaries
• Volcanic: magma beneath volcanoes move
• Ways of describing strength of an earthquake: intensity and magnitude
• Intensity: perceived strength based on the relative effect to people, generally higher near the epicenter
• magnitude: based on instrumentality derived infos and correlated strentgh