Renal

Subdecks (4)

Cards (124)

  • What are the functions of the kidney?
    • Urine formation/waste excretion​
    • Regulates fluid volume​
    • Controls concentrations of electrolytes​
    • Assists in maintaining acid-base balances​
    • Aids in regulation of BP​
    • Controls productions of RBCs in bone marrow​
    • Activates Vitamin D ~ regulate Ca
  • What lab value is the best indicator for kidney function?
    serum creatinine
  • What are the normal ranges of renal lab values?
    • BUN: N = 10 – 20​
    • Creatinine: N = 0.6 - 1.4​
    • BUN:Creat ratio = 10:1 – 20:1​
    • GFR: N > 90mL/min​
    • Creatinine Clearance (varies based on age/gender) but N = 85 – 135 
  • What are the risk factors for polycystic kidney disease?
    Autosomal Genetic Disorder that can develop in childhood or Aduly
  • What is polycystic kidney disease?
    cysts develop because of repeated cell division process; this eventually progresses to end-stage renal disease
  • What is acute glomerulonephritis?
    inflammation of the glomeruli within the bowman's capsule of kidney
  • What are the risk factors for acute glomerulonephritis?
    Strep infection, autoimmune diseases [lupus, good pasture's syndrome, vasculitis]
  • What are the risk factors of renal cancer?
    Smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, and family history
    exposure to asbestos or lead
  • What are the risk factors for acute kidney injury?
    Pre-renal: dehydration, vascular hypovolemia, hypotension [anything that decreases blood flow]
    Intra-renal: [damage to kidney] = nephrotoxic drugs (aminoglycosides, NSAIDs, IV contrast dye), renal ischemia, AGN
    Post Renal: [obstruction] = BPH, stones, strictures, tumors (prostate), trauma
  • What are the risk factors for chronic kidney disease?
    1. Diabetes
    2. Hypertension
    3. Direct Kidney Damage
    4. AKI, PKD, or AGN
    5. Nephrotoxic drugs
    6. Lupus ~ autoimmune
  • What is acute kidney injury?
    • acute loss of renal function
    • Azotemia
    • Oliguria (often 1st sign)
  • What are some risk factors for acute glomerulonephritis to become chronic?
    • Repeated infections ​
    • Diabetes
    • Hypertension
    • Connective Tissue Disease 
  • What is chronic kidney disease?
    Progressive loss of kidney function over time.