Surface tissue (Dermal tissue) - consists of epidermis which protects the parts of plants like roots, leaves, and stems. - Contains trichomes for absorption, nutrition, and protection against herbivores. - Also consists of periderm which replaces the epidermis when increased in size, forming a tissue known as cork with walls covered in suberin for waterproofing. 2. Fundamentaltissue (Ground tissue) - consists primarily of masses of thin-walled cells for support in stems, roots, and leaves, for photosynthesis, and storage of water and carbohydrates. - Consists of parenchyma tissues, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma. 3. Vascular tissue - consists of more than one kind of cells specialized for the longer transport of water and dissolved solutes (minerals and carbohydrates). - Has 2 types: (1) Xylem - transports water and dissolved minerals absorbed from the soil; (2) Phloem - transports food (organic materials)
Types of leaves
Simpleleaf - has only one blade in a stalk or petiole. 2. Compound leaf - when the blade is divided into several sections
Classifications of leaf venations
Parallelvenation 2. Reticulated venation
Vascular plants are those plants which have specialised vascular tissues for the transport of water, minerals, and food
End of the lesson
Students are expected to: a. Describe the three major tissues in body parts of plants and state their functions, b. Determine how plants are organized into leaves, stems, roots, and c. Explain the relevance and importance of plants in our daily life
Leaf venations refer to the arrangement of veins in the blade of a leaf
Photosynthesis is the site of food production which occurs in the leaf of the plant
Internal structure of plants is more complex
Types of plant tissues
Meristematictissue - has immature cells located at the tips of roots and stems, responsible for the growth and enlargement of roots and stems. 2. Permanent tissue - developed fromnewly produced meristematic tissues, acts as a protective covering of the plant's exposed surface
Phyllotaxy is the arrangement of leaves in plants
Types of leaf
Tendrils - aid in climbing and support of vines to wrap around or hook a support. Spines - have sharp and pointed leaves with an axillary bud above, for protection from large herbivores. Bracts (floral leaves) - attract pollinators or protect plant structures. Reproductive leaves
Types of leaf
tendrils - aid in climbing and support of vines to wrap around or to hook a support
spines - have sharp and pointed leaves, with an axillary bud above, for protection from large herbivores
bracts (floral leaves) - attract pollinators or protect plant structures
reproductive leaves - asexual plantlets produced on leaves
storage leaves - have special leaves that hold extra food
insect-capturing leaves - carnivorous plants
Classifications of leaf venations
parallel venation
reticulated venation
Types of Stem
stolons/runners - horizontal and above-ground stem, spreading growth and asexual reproduction
tubers - enlarged underground stem, food storage
rhizomes - long and underground stem, food storage
bulbs - thickened bases and leaves, food storage in leafy scale
corms - vertical, thick, and short underground stem
succulent - fleshy, often leafless stem
Stem
Parts of a typical stem
Types of Root
STORAGE ROOTS (FOOD & WATER) - grow underground as protection from plant-eating animals
Aerial Roots - roots which are not covered by soil, help the tree remain upright in shifting sand and water conditions
Adventitious Roots - originate from plant organs (stem, leaves, and fruits) other than the roots
Propagative Roots - roots that form from adventitious buds and develop into above-ground roots and shoots
contractile - pulled further down into the soil to continue growing
photosynthetic roots - roots that are flat and green (with chloroplasts) serving as swamps to get enough oxygen
pneumatophores - roots for breathing that grow in wet areas such as swamps to get enough oxygen
buttress roots - wall-like extensions that keep the wind from hitting them and support, prevent the tree from falling over while gathering nutrients
Roots
TWO MAIN TYPES OF ROOTS SYSTEM: TAPROOT SYSTEM, FIBROUS ROOT SYSTEM
Non-vascular plants
Plants that have no vessels or internal system for conducting water and nutrients; called bryophytes
Vascular plants
Pine trees
Angiosperms
Seed is enclosed inside a fruit; produce flowers and true seed-bearing plants; can be monocot or dicot