stomach

• esophageal hiatus allows the esophagus to connect to the stomach
• The mucosa of the stomach is made of simple columnar consisting of goblet cells
• The cells also form these gastric pits lined with gastric glands
• Mucous surface cells are the simple columnar cells at the top and they produce mucous that protects the stomach
• Parietal cells are located at the lower ducts and secrete HCl and intrinsic factor which is required to absorb B12
• Chief cells secrete pepsinogen an inactive pepsin
• Enteroendocrine cells secrete hormones that diffuse into nearby vessels, this is an endocrine gland
• The stomach works as storage because we eat fast than we can digest and absorb
• The stomach produces chyme by mixing the food with water and gastric juices.
• The layers of smooth muscle in the stomach churn, physically breaking down the food into smaller particles
• In addition to churning the presence of HCl denutres the proteins and kills bacteria.
• Proteins are broken down by pepsin and in the stomach chief cells produce pepsinogen to protect the stomach. Soon after the stomach will produce mucus
• The pyloric sphincter closes and only lets out a certain amount of chyme at a time.