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Cells Inorganic System
Water and Ph
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Alex Aguilar
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Cards (27)
Water is an essential substance for plant and
animal growth
True
Without water, there would be no life on earth
True
Water
is essential to life and is in solvent water that
the chemical reactions of biological processes
evolved.
True
Although not an organic biomolecule, water is the
major component of the cell, making around 70 to
90% of its weight and inert space filler in living
organism.
True
Due to its highly reactive and unusual properties
and its ionization products H+ and OH-, water is an
important factor in modifying structures of
biomolecules such as nucleic acids, carbohydrates,
proteins, lipids, enzymes, and other cell
components
True
Chemically pure water is colorless, odorless and
tasteless.
True
Water
has a higher boiling point, osmotic pressure and high specific heat.
Water
has high latent heat of vaporization and high surface tension
Water
had the capacity to dissipate heat to its
environment.
Water
is an excellent solvent for
ionic compounds
because of the
attraction
between the ionic
components of the molecules and the water dipoles
is sufficient to overcome the attraction between the
ions themselves.
Non-ionic polar compounds are also very
soluble
in
water.
Their polar functional group [OH] readily
hydrogen bonds with water molecules,
dispersing
the compounds among the water molecules.
Other substances dispersed by water are those
hydrophobic group
known as
amphipathic
molecules such as
salts
and
fat acids
and are called
micelles.
Micelle formation
is important for an
understanding of organized biological
system among
amphipathic compounds
such as proteins, phospholipids and
nucleic acids.
Water
is an irregular tetrahedron with oxygen at its
center.
Two hydrogen
are bonded with oxygen forming
105o a slightly skewed tetrahedron.
Because of this structure electrical charge is not
distributed
uniformly
about the water molecule.
The
oxygen
side is partially
negative
because of the
relatively rich in electrons and the
two hydrogen
forming a region of local
positive charge.
The
unequal distribution
of charges with in a
molecule is term
“dipole”
such as in water.
Colligative properties
such as freezing point and
boiling point, vapor pressure and aromatic pressure
are altered by dissolved solutes.
Colligative properties
depend only in the
number of solute molecules per unit
volume of solvent and independent of their
chemical structure.
Dissolved solutes
disturbed hydrogen
bonding in water molecules, thus
reducing
its effect as a solvent.
Though water ionizes slightly forming
hydrogen ion
and
hydroxyl ion
PHYSIOLOGICAL BUFFER SYSTEM
- A system that can resist a change in pH upon the addition of either acid or base is called a buffer.
Solutions of weak acids and their conjugate bases
and on weak bases and their conjugate acids
exhibit
buffering.
Functional groups such as carboxyl group, amino
group and phosphate esters are functional groups
of are
weak acids
or bases that many biomolecules
possess.
Inorganic ions
- Vital to the normal functioning of some enzymes
and for the maintenance of functional conformation
of proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates