review

• Communication


  The process of sharing thoughts, feelings, and information
• System


  Interconnected elements that influence one another
• Principles of Communication
• Levels of communication

  • Intrapersonal
  • Interpersonal
  • Small group
  • Public or mass
• Communication is Inevitable
• Linear Model

  Also known as the transmission model, based on the assumption that communication is a one-way process
• Meanings

  The heart of communication
• Interactive Model


  Views communication as a two-way process involving an exchange or interaction between the sender and the receiver
• Wood, 2014; Pinker, 2008; Watzlawick, Beavin, & Jackson, 1967: 'Communication has two levels of meaning: content level, relationship level'
• Communication is guided by culture
• Guidelines for ethical communicators

  • Ethical communicators are honest
  • Ethical communicators are well aware of the consequences of their thoughts and actions
  • Ethical communicators value diversity and respect others opinions
  • Ethical communicators are just and fair
• Communication can be learned
• Symbols

  The tangible equivalent of an abstract concept represented in concrete form
• Levels of meaning in communication

  • Content level
  • Relationship level
• Key terms in communication

  • Process
  • System
  • Symbols
  • Meanings
• Transactional Model of communication

  Developed as a response to the limitations of the linear and interactive models in capturing the dynamic nature of human communication
• Shannon and Weaver's Model


  In 1949, Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver introduced an additional component: noise
• Communication process elements

  1. People

  2. Messages

  3. Channels

  4. Feedback

  5. Codes

  6. Encoding and Decoding

  7. Noise and Barriers
• Communication is Transactional
• Communication is Complex
• Communication is Goal Oriented
• Communication is Rational
• How communication works as applied to various texts and situations

  In order to have a deeper understanding of communication, it is necessary to know how it works, define it, identify its elements, discuss its process through various communication models, and cite some principles and characteristics of ethical communicators
• Ethics in Communication
• Communication model

  • Linear Model – Laswell’s verbal model
• Communication in Multicultural Setting
• Communication scenario

  • The Group 1 of BTSM 1B is reporting lesson 1, titled Basics of Communication, with the book “Purposive Communication” as their reference in front of the class while their classmates are listening. One of the reporters’ states that “communication is the process of using messages to generate meaning.”
• Context

  • Low-context culture
  • High-context culture
• Individualism


  • Puts premium on the self and personal fulfillment
• Personal Context


  • Background of both the sender and the receiver of the message, including education, religion, socioeconomic status, marital status, and beliefs
• Social Context

  • Kind of relationship that exists between the sender and the receiver
• Key points highlighting the relationship between communication and culture

  • Cultural Context in Communication
  • Language as a Cultural Tool
  • Cultural Norms and Communication Styles
  • Cultural Sensitivity
  • Media and Cultural Influence
  • Intercultural Communication
  • Cultural Identity and Communication
  • Cultural Barriers
  • Cultural Change and Communication
  • Globalization and Cultural Fusion
• Cultural Context


  • Vital consideration in communication
• Uncertainty Avoidance

  • Low-Uncertain
• Communication Context

  It functions within a certain context and affects participant expectations, the interpretation that arises from the exchange of words, and the behaviors that follow in communication
• Elements of the communication scenario

  1. Who: The group 1 of BSTM 1B

  2. Says What: The lesson 1: The Basics of Communication/ Communication is the process of using messages to generate meaning

  3. Through Which Channel: Sound and light waves/ face-to-face

  4. To Whom: Their classmates

  5. With What Effect: They learned the basics of communication
• Physical Context


  • Environment where communication takes place, involving tangible factors such as temperature, humidity, odor, lighting, and noise level
• Principles of ethical communicators

  • Ethical communicators are honest
• Chronemics

  • Monochronic Culture
  • Polychronic Culture
• Collectivism

  • Values teamwork and collaboration