evaluating genes

• SCIENTIFIC - high sci validity - base on objective, measurable and falsifiable evidence

  studies that use gene mapping (location and distance) - identified specific genes (D2A1 + ADH1B variants) associated with increased risk for certain A

  e.g. Tolstrup and Comings

  explanation is well respected by wider scientific community, other explanations lack scientific rigour
• DETERMINISTIC

  implies, if you have a particular genetic makeup > inevitable - become A

  problematic - ignores role of free will and removes personal responsibility > some A feel - engaging in treatment programmes is pointless, as recovery - beyond their control

  explains why many A struggle to control their B despite wanting to stop
• RE

  Comings et al (96) = 48.7% smokers carry D2A1, comp 25.9% gen pop

  = 50.9% gamblers carry gene, comp 25.9% non g

  Tolstrup et al (07) - sample, 9080 men and women with ADH1B drank more alc and higher risk of alc

  presence of variant - linked with risk of heavy drinking and alc among white population (62%) and east asian population (24%)

  support for explanation
• CONCLUSIONS

  findings don't show all A carry genetic variant > other factors involved in A

  well respected for credible explanation for some processes involved

  ABs = complex and lots of different types > due to reductionist and inconclusive evidence > don't provide full account of all AB

  Diathesis Stress Model