Case Study

• International migration: when people move to live in another country.
• National migration: when people move from one part of the country to live somewhere else it the same country.
• Important facts

  Megacity and one of the largest cities in India

  In the state of Maharashtra (richest state in India

  India’s main commercial city= world city (economic importance)

  The population density is high which affects the quality of life- it is crowded, congested and lacks affordable housing.
• Definition:

  Site:

  The actual location of a settlement on Earth, composed of the physical characteristics of the landscape specific to the area

  Situation:

  The location of a place relative to its surroundings and other places
• Problems with Mumbai’s site

  Mumbai cannot expand outside- it can only expand back up its long peninsula

  This has resulted in overcrowding and unsafe conditions for some inhabitants
• Site

  Low lying

  Tropical climate

  Naturally deep harbour

  West coast of India, facing towards important regional markets in the Middle East and international markets in Europe
• Situation

  Well connected to the rest of the country

  Located on the west coast
• Cultural significance

  Bollywood (Hindi-language film industry) developed in Mumbai

  This makes Mumbai an important entertainment and media centre

  Bollywood films are seen by more than 3.5 billion people a year. (1 million more ticket sales than Hollywood films)

  Environmental Significance

  Sanjai Ghandi National Park in the north of Mumbai

  The Park is surrounded by urban landscape

  World’s largest park within a city

  Home to a small population of tigers

  Residents of Mumbai call the park the ‘lungs of Mumbai
• Mumbai’s Connectivity

  National

  Good road and rail network connecting Mumbai to the rest of the country

  Regional

  Good railways and flight connections

  Global

  Naturally deep harbour. Good access for container ships. Good location for trade with Europe and Middle East as its on the west coast of India (Suez Canal accessible). The shipping times to Europe are 5 days less that Kolkata on the east coast. The docks in Mumbai account for 25% of all India’s international trade. Good air connections (4 hour flight to Singapore/ 3 hours to Dubai)
• Inner city

  The first area of suburbs developed to house workers in the old textile mill area

  Land is so expensive here as its close to the CBD

  Some of this area has now become characterized by squatter and slum settlement including Mumbai’s largest – Dharavi

  Used to be industrial but now residential

  New buildings due to redevelopment
• Urban/ rural fringe

  Very hard to locate because its spread into a vast conurbation (merging of small towns/villages within a city)

  Population of 22 million.

  Rural areas are generally found where this land is not suitable for building

  National park is full of swamp land and is not suitable for development

  Recreation and leisure, hardly any buildings
• Outer suburbs

  Second suburbs and 1970’s suburbs were developed along Mumbai’s railway lines

  The railways allowed commuters to travel into the city each day

  New Mumbai was planned as a  low-density suburb were lower land prices would create a better quality of life

  As it grew industries located in New Mumbai because of cheap land, more space for expansion and available skilled labour

  Residential and Industrial, 50 years old
• The city centre (CBD)

  Oldest parts are at the top of the peninsula

  CBD is located here, around the former banking areas

  Headquarters in this area include Ban of America, Walt Disney, Microsoft India

  Commercial

  Old and brand new buildings

  Port – economically active

  Some live in slums – 25 thousand

  Shopping malls located here