constelations

• Stars (Like Sun)

  • They are huge balls of plasma, composed largely of hydrogen along with some helium
• Luminosity


  It describes the rate at which a star radiates energy. The size of the star and its surface temperature affect luminosity. The Sun has a luminosity of 400 trillion watts
• Hipparchus measured the celestial locations of more than 800 stars
• Size

  Astronomers express the size in terms of the radius of the sun or solar radius. Stars can be larger or smaller than the sun
• Celestial Sphere


  An imaginary sphere that all the stars appear to be mounted on
• Composition
• Constellations

  • 88 constellations
• Constellations


  A group of stars prominent at night and it is useful referring to certain areas in the sky
• Celestial Magnitude

  The greater the magnitude number, the dimmer the star while the smaller the magnitude number the brighter the star
• Mass
• Learning Targets

  1. Infer the characteristics of stars based on the characteristics of the Sun

  2. Infer that the arrangement of stars in a group (constellation) does not change

  3. Observe that the position of a constellation changes in the course of a night

  4. Show which constellations may be observed at different times of the year using models
• Color


  Color of a star ranges from red to blue depending on the surface temperature. The Sun appears yellow because it radiates its energy in the mid-range yellow region
• Nuclear Fusion
• Photospheric Temperature


  The color of the star will determine the temperature of the star and the composition of the star
• Constellations in the North Hemisphere
• The Southern Cross


  • Stars of the southern hemisphere. It has 4 brilliant stars forming the shape of a cross
• The Little Dipper


  • Smaller version of the Big Dipper
• Changing Positions of Constellations

  1. Rotation of Earth on its Axis

  2. Revolution of Earth around the Sun
• The Star of Bethlehem
• Constellations in the North Hemisphere

  • Constellations that can be seen all year round are called circumpolar. These are Ursa Major, Ursa Minor, Cassiopeia, and Cygnus
• Astronomer is a scientist that studies astronomy
• Greek gods and goddesses


  • Helios “sun god”
• Herdsman


  • Can be seen in April and August
• Chinese Zodiac is a classification scheme based on the lunar calendar that assigns an animal and its reputed attributes to each year in a repeating 12-year cycle
• Recall Learning Targets

  At the end of the lesson you are able to: infer the characteristics of stars based on the characteristics of the Sun; infer that the arrangement of stars in a group (constellation) does not change; observe that the position of a constellation changes in the course of a night; and show which constellations may be observed at different times of the year using models
• Constellations in the Southern Hemisphere

  • Southern circumpolar constellations include the Crux, Carina, and Centaurus
• Astronomical Views

  • Biblical
  • Theoretical or Observation
• Astronomy


  A branch of science that deals with the study of heavenly bodies like planets, stars, moon, sun, and other things outside the universe
• Orion

  • Southern Sky Orion. A warrior that holds a sword, shield, and wearing a belt
• Astrology

  A FALSE belief or superstition about telling people’s future by the influence of the sun, moon, and stars on people’s lives
• Leo


  • Can be seen from March to April
• The Big Dipper

  • Stars of the northern hemisphere. It is made up of 7 stars which are part of the Great Bear
• Constellations


  • A group of stars prominent at night and it is useful referring to certain areas in the sky
  • 88 constellations
• Fortune Telling is the practice of predicting information about a person's life
• Mazzaroth is the Zodiac or the Constellations thereof