Personal Rule - Finance opposition and divisions

• Financial Policies:

  • Peace with France and Spain
  • Distraint of Knighthood
  • Ship money
  • Hampden Case
• France's peace with England through Treaty of Nusa 1629
• Spain's peace with England through Treaty of Madrid 1630
• The peace with the two nations weren't supported because they wanted the eradication of Catholicism and Charles left the Thirty Year War
• Distraint of Knighthood: Those with income over £40 annually and owned land, that weren't knighted by Charles on his coronation had a fine
• The distraint of knighthood by 1635 made nearly 175,000 pound
• Ship money Oct 1634 was a tax levied on coastal countries to fund the navy and was under emergency situations
• Ship money raised £200,000 annually
• People against ship money due to it being levied to inland nations and it being called into for non-emergencies
• The Hampden Case was on November 1637
• The Hampden Case is where Charles took John Hampden to court for not paying ship money, it ended with 7 to 5 judges showing resistance against ship money
• Convenanters are people who signed the Scottish National Convenant showing the opposed the policies from Charles
• The Scottish National Convenant is a petition in Scotland for Presbyterianism to be the official religion in Scotland
• The First Bishops' War:

  • Nov 1638 - Charles' failure to form an army led to a Scottish general assembly that agreed to abolish episcopacy
  • Treaty of Berwick - June 1639 - agreed to a meeting of a general assembly and for both armies to disband, Convenanters didn't disband
  • Oct 1639 - Treaty of Ripon - Charles agreeing to fund Scottish army's living costs when within English soil