week 5

• Rizal’s First Travel Abroad

  1. Departure for Spain was kept secret

  2. People who knew about the departure: Paciano, Uncle Antonio Rivera, Saturnina

  3. Rizal used his cousin’s passport named Jose Mercado

  4. Accompanied by his brother Paciano and brother-in-law Manuel Hidalgo to Manila

  5. Visited the Jesuits in Ateneo

  6. Bade farewell to the Valenzuela family

  7. Failed to say goodbye to Leonor
• The Voyage

  1. May 3, 1882 – Rizal boarded the Salvadora. His friend Chenggoy saw him off. He took a last glance of Manila

  2. May 8, 1882 – the steamship reached Singapore. Rizal was impressed by the progress and beauty of this English colony. He stayed at Hotel de Paz. Transferred to the French steamer Djemnah bound for Singapore

  3. May 15, 1882 – the steamer reached Point de Galle, Ceylon

  4. May 18, 1882 PM – the ship reached Colombo, Ceylon. He observed the backwardness of the city: sleepy and without much progress. From here, the ship crossed the Indian Ocean

  5. The ship crossed the Indian Ocean towards Cape Guardafui in Somalia, Africa. The steamer encountered stormy weather

  6. The ship reached Aden, a seaport city in Yemen, located by the eastern approach to the Red Sea. Rizal felt the terrible heat of the Arabian Desert

  7. June 2, 1882 – the steamer reached the Suez Canal, the terminal of the Red Sea. Rizal was reminded of the beautiful sights of Calamba, Laguna during the night

  8. At Port Said, the Mediterranean Sea terminal, Rizal disembarked to visit some tourist spots. Port Said is a city that lies in northeast Egypt extending about 30 km along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, north of the Suez Canal, with an approximate population of 603,787 (2010). The city was established in 1859 during the building of the Suez Canal

  9. June 11, 1882 – Rizal reached the city of Naples in Italy. Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples

  10. June 12, 1882 – the steamer docked at the French harbor Marseilles. He visited the famous city landmark Chateau d’ If where Dantes, the hero of the “Count of Monte Cristo” was imprisoned
• Rizal was asked to contribute an article to the Diariong Tagalog by Basili
• Ferdinand Marie de Lesseps was the French developer of the Suez Canal, which joined the Mediterranean and Red Seas in 1869, and substantially reduced sailing distances and times between the West and the East
• The newspaper Diariong Tagalog was founded by Marcelo H. del Pilar in Manila
• Cholera is an infectious disease that can cause severe diarrhea, dehydration, and death
• He loved the city’s free atmosphere and liberalism in Barcelona, Spain

  The people were open-hearted, warm, and brave
• Leonor was very much depressed because of his departure
• Rizal was welcomed in the house of Don Pablo Ortiga y Rey, a former civil governor in Manila
• Rizal studied painting and sculpture and took language lessons in French, German, and English at the Academy of San Carlos
• Francisco Calvo, the editor, praised Rizal and asked him to contribute more
• Rizal enrolled in Medicine and Philosophy and Letters at the Universidad Central de Madrid
• Rizal wrote another article, “Los Viajes”
• Rizal occasionally drank when he was in the company of his friends
• He was warmly welcomed by his paisanos, countrymen, at the Plaza Cataluña in Barcelona, Spain
• Rizal enrolled at the Universidad Central de Madrid on November 3, 1882
• Rizal sparingly bet on the lottery
• Paciano advised him to take his studies seriously
• Rizal lived frugally and managed his time wisely
• Rizal honed his fencing and shooting skills at the Hall of Arms Sanz y Carbonell
• Shortly after his arrival in Madrid in 1882, Rizal became a Propagandist
• Rizal's last article “Revista de Madrid” was not published because the newspaper ceased publication
• Consuelo chose Eduardo de Lete over Rizal
• Rizal was asked to contribute an article to the Diariong Tagalog by Basilio Teodoro Moran, an editorial staffer
• Specific goals of the Propaganda Movement included representation of the Philippines in the Cortes, secularization of the clergy, legalization of Spanish and Filipino equality, creation of a public school system independent of the friars, abolition of the polo and vandala, guarantee of basic freedoms of speech and association, and equal opportunity for Filipinos and Spanish to enter government service
• Cholera is an infection of the small intestine caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae
• In the freer atmosphere of Europe, the émigrés formed the Propaganda Movement
• The Propagandists strove to "awaken the sleeping intellect of the Spaniard to the needs of our country" and to create a closer, more equal association of the islands and the motherland
• An epidemic broke out in the Philippines, and cholera had killed many lives of Filipinos
• Between 1872 and 1892, a national consciousness was growing among the Filipino émigrés who had settled in Europe
• Rizal left Barcelona and established himself in Madrid
• Rizal wrote an essay entitled “Amor Patrio” using “Laong Laan” as his pen name
• The founder of the Circulo-Hispano-Filipina was Juan Atayde
• Books in Jose Rizal's collection

  • Medicine
  • Philosophy
  • Languages
  • Geography
  • Arts
• Jose Rizal: 'They Asked Me For Verses'
• Jose Rizal was deeply affected by Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Eugene Sue’s The Wandering Jew, which aroused his sympathy for his oppressed people
• Graciano Lopez Jaena, a noted orator and pamphleteer, left the islands for Spain in 1880 after the publication of his satirical short novel, Fray Botod
• Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt, an Austrian geographer and ethnologist, whom Rizal had met in Germany
• The Circulo-Hispano-Filipina was composed of Filipinos and Spaniards who believed in introducing reforms in the Philippines
• Demands of the Propaganda Movement

  • Abolition of the polo (labor service)
  • Abolition of vandala (forced sale of local products to the government)
  • Guarantee of basic freedoms of speech and association
  • Equal opportunity for Filipinos and Spanish to enter government service