LSE8A

• Chicken production increased by 2.8%
• Advantages of domestication

  • Contain the animal with the right temperament
  • Steady food supply
  • Use animal for a particular purpose
• Fisheries subsector increased by 2.1%
• Domestication is keeping animals for a particular purpose with controlled reproduction and developed traits different from animals in the wild and making them depend their survival on man
• Swine production went down by 2.1%
• Common Terms Used in Animal Husbandry and Aquaculture

  • Breed stock: adult fish retained for spawning
  • Dam: a female parent
  • Fingerling: after the fry stage up to 3-4 months
  • Fry: fully formed baby fish
  • Mouthbrooder: female fish keeping the egg, larvae, and fry inside her mouth to protect them until they are matured enough to be released
• Animal Science deals with the biology of farm animals controlled by man
• Performance of Poultry, Livestock and Fish Industry for the 2nd quarter of 2023 (April-June 2023) Compared to the production of the same quarter the previous year (2022)
• Animal Science is the science, arts, and business of producing poultry and livestock species
• Animal Husbandry is the art of working with farm animals
• Cattle production increased by 0.4%
• Beginnings of Some Farm Animal Domestication

  1. Sheep: one of the first farm animals known to have been domesticated as a source of food in Asia and Europe about 10,000 years ago. Aside from meat and milk, sheep also provides wool.

  2. Cattle: initially domesticated in the boundaries of Asia and Europe about 8000 years ago for plowing and transportation

  3. Pig: believed to have been domesticated in the Middle East about 8000 years ago

  4. Chicken: believed to be domesticated first for cockfighting in Asia about 4000-6000 years ago. Aside from these farm animals, it is also believed that aquaculture started about 4000 years ago.
• During the hunting and gathering stage, man started catching fishes and domesticating dogs for hunting animals for food
• Basic Terms Used in Animal Science


  • Parturition: act of giving birth
  • Weaning: act of separating of the young animals from their dam
  • Spawning: act of fertilization in fishes
  • Sterility: inability to produce young animals
  • Yearling: after the fingerling stage up to approximately 1 year of age
• Animal Science in the Philippines

  1. 16th Century: Filipinos have been domesticating carabaos, chickens, and pigs.

  2. 1821 (Spanish colonial government): Formal agricultural education in the Philippines started

  3. 1909: First bachelor’s degree in Agriculture in the Philippines was offered in UPLB

  4. 1921: UPLB opened a livestock and poultry breeding program led by Dr. B.M. Gonzalez. Berkjala: a cross between Jalajala pig and Berkshire pig was produced after 9 generations of crossing (noted for its large size and fast growth rate). Los Baños Cantonese Chicken was also developed (noted for its superior egg production and low mortality)

  5. 1939: Philamin Cattle, a three-way cross of Indian Nellore, American Hereford, and Philippine Native Cattle was produced. Note: After World War II, all these species were completely lost
• Aquaculture started about 4000 years ago
• Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT)

  • Fast-growing and are monitored for good survival
• Genetically Manipulated Tilapia


  • Dr. Rafael Guerrero III led the study of the sex reversal method to produce an all-male tilapia for culture to prevent reproduction of fish while being cultured
• Farm animals produced after World War II

  • Laguna duck
  • Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT)
  • Genetically Manipulated Tilapia
• Major Fields in Animal Science and Fisheries

  • Poultry Production
  • Livestock Production
  • Animal Breeding
  • Animal Nutrition
• Contributions of Farm Animals to Society

  • Food (meat, dairy products, eggs)
  • Clothing (Wool, hair, hides/leather)
  • Draft (animal used for pulling heavy loads)
  • Recreation (Companionship and hobbies or sports)
  • Personal Items (jewelries and other decorations)
• Poultry Production


  Scientific way of domesticating poultry species like chickens, ducks, quails, etc. either for egg or meat production
• Chick


  A young chicken at the down stage
• Some Careers in Animal Science

  • Academe: College/University Teachers and Researchers, extension specialists, laboratory technicians, etc.
  • Government agencies: administrative or technical specialists in livestock marketing, animal health and disease control specialists, meat inspectors, etc.
  • Self-Employment: consultants, farm owners, individual proprietors, etc.
  • Industry: Genetic Manipulation Specialist, Managers of Farms/Livestock/Poultry Operations, Sales Manager
• Animal Breeding


  Evaluates the genetic value of farm and aquatic animals and controls their reproduction to improve their desirable qualities
• After World War II, all the species mentioned were completely lost
• Livestock Production - Ruminant Production


  Scientific way of domesticating ruminant species like dairy and beef cattle, goat, and sheep for milk and meat production and clothes
• Philamin Cattle, a three-way cross of Indian Nellore, American Hereford, and Philippine Native Cattle was produced


  1939
• Livestock Production - Swine Production


  Scientific way of domesticating swine species for meat production
• Pullet


  Less than 1 year old mature female chicken
• Chicken

  Scientific name: Gallus gallus
• Hen


  Lays eggs
• Cockerel

  Less than 1 year old mature male chicken
• Poultry is a collective term used for all domesticated birds with economic value to man
• Animal Nutrition


  Studies nutrition processes and the elements of feed, their functions and interaction with other feeds and the body of the animal
• Laguna duck

  • 3-way cross among Pekin duck, Philippine Mallard duck, and Muscovy duck
• Capon

  Caponized male
• Duckling

  Young duck
• Poultry


  • Collective term used for all domesticated birds with economic value to man
• Hen


  Lays egg