Module 1 Lesson 1

• Data and Information
• Data are raw facts from which you can derive conclusions or new facts. Information is a set of facts organized in such a way that it provides additional value beyond that of the facts themselves. Information is often the result of executing related processes on data or simply called data processing. Data processing is the process involved in converting data into usable information. Data are the building blocks of information
• For example, think about scores gathered from students. These scores are raw facts or data. These are just pieces of facts which cannot determine how well a student performs in the class. The scores (data) must undergo in a data process such as categorizing, computing, and organizing. After the data process, the output are the grades of the students. This is now the information
• Information at times can also serve as data for larger information. In the example, the grades are already an information. Let’s say we want to get the grade point average or GPA of the students. To do this, the grades from the students’ subjects will be collectively computed to get the GPA. In this case, the grades serve as data for the larger information which is the GPA
• Forms of Data
• Forms of Data

  • Alphanumeric Data: Letters, numbers, and other characters
  • Image Data: Images and pictures
  • Audio Data: Sounds
  • Video Data: Moving images or pictures
• The table shows the forms of data that a computer works on. Alphanumeric are those that convey information through text, numbers and other characters such as symbols and punctuation marks
• Forms of data that a computer works on

  • Alphanumeric
  • Image data
  • Audio data
  • Video data
• Alphanumeric data

  Data that convey information through text, numbers, symbols, and punctuation marks
• Symbols found on the keyboard

  • ~ (tilde)
  • ` (Back quoute, grave accent)
  • ! (Exclamation mark)
  • @ (Amperstat, At sign)
  • # (Octothorpe, hash, pound, sharp)
  • $ (Dollar sign)
  • % (Percent)
  • ^ (Caret)
  • & (Ampersand)
  • * (Asterisk)
  • ( (Open parenthesis)
  • ) (Close parenthesis)
  • - (Hyphen, dash, minus)
  • _ (Underscore)
  • + (Plus)
  • = (Equal)
  • { (Open curly brace)
  • } (Close curly brace)
  • [ (Open bracket)
  • ] (Close bracket)
  • | (Vertical bar, pipe)
  • \ (Backslash)
  • : (Colon)
  • ; (Semi colon)
  • “ (Double quote)
  • ‘ (Single quote or apostrophe)
  • < (Less than, left angle bracket)
  • > (Greater than, right angle bracket)
  • , (Comma)
  • . (Dot, period)
  • ? (Question mark)
  • / (Forward slash)
• Image data


  Data composed of pixels, short for picture element
• Image file formats


  • jpeg
  • gif
  • png
  • bmp
• Audio data


  Data that produce sounds such as music, tones, and noise
• Audio file formats

  • mp3
  • wav
  • aac
  • amr
  • ogg
• Video data


  Combinations of image and audio, such as movies and video clips
• Video file formats

  • mp4
  • avi
  • flv
  • mkv
• The information age shifted from a traditional industry to an economy driven by information technology
• The use of computer technology has become prevalent in processing, producing, and communicating information
• In the modern era, valuable information plays a major role in political, social, and economic activities
• Children in this generation are inclined to computers, whether handheld smartphones or desktop gaming rigs
• This generation is called the Information or Digital Age
• Information Technology (IT) refers to anything related to computing technology, such as networking, hardware, software, the Internet, or the people that work with these technologies
• Information technology has become a part of our everyday lives in the information age
• We consume information everyday through various platforms like social media, communication media, search engines, online news, or multimedia entertainment
• Information and Communications Technology (ICT) focuses on the use of communication mediums such as computer networks, smartphones, and the internet
• Information is the lifeline of an organization or business, and every transaction, process, and work involves the handling of information
• Every transaction, process, and work done involves the handling of information
• Without proper handling of information, things could go wrong
• Information Technology is integrated in various fields where information exists
• Information Technology is vital in today's world
• Education has shifted to virtual platforms due to the CoViD-19 pandemic
• Virtual classrooms


  • Google Classroom
  • Edmodo
  • Schoology
  • Moodle
• Online tools for advertisements

  • Google AdSense
  • Facebook Ads
• Popular online e-commerce platforms in the Philippines

  • Lazada
  • Shopee
  • Zalora
• Computers have become a source of entertainment and recreation
• Information Technology eases communication with loved ones and friends
• Data transformation into information

  Recording, calculation/computation, categorize, label