humoural response

• what do helper T cells form?

  B cells and Cytotoxic T cells
• describe the process of clonal selection

  helper cells bind to processed antigens and stimulate B cell to divide by mitosis to form a clone of identical B cells - they differentiate into memory / plasma cells
• describe the humoural response

  1. surface antigens of an invading pathogen are taken up by a B cell and presented on the cell surface
  2. helper T cells bind to the presented antigen and stimulate the B cell to divide by mitosis
  3. plasma and memory cells formed - plasma cells produce antibodies