Save
a levels
Inorganic
Group 2 - the alkaline earth metals
Save
Share
Learn
Content
Leaderboard
Share
Learn
Created by
Anjali
Visit profile
Cards (25)
trends in group 2: chemical trends
-2 e- in their
outermost
shell
-form
ionic
compounds
-donate two outermost so act as
reducing
agents
-going down metals become more
reactive
View source
trends in group 2: ionisation energies
-1st and 2nd IE
decrease
down group
-though nuclear charge
increase
down, increased
shielding
and increased atomic
radius
outweigh
-more
reactive
as you go down as it gets easier to remove 2
outer
electrons
View source
trends in group 2: physical trends
-going down elements become
larger
-melting point
decreases
as outer e- get further away from
nucleus
-attraction between
nucleus
and bonding e-
decreases
-density
decreases
then increases again after
Ca
View source
group 2 hydroxides
-going down solutions formed of group 2 oxides with
water
becomes more
alkaline
-when oxides are dissolved in water -->
O2-
(aq) +
H2O
(l) ----> 2OH-(aq)
-higher conc of OH- more
alkaline
soln
least
Mg(OH)2
Ca(OH)2
Sr(OH)2
most
Ba(OH)2
View source
Group 2 sulphates
-solubility of sulphates
decreases
going down group
most MgSO4
CaSO4
SrSO4
least BaSO4
View source
reactions of group 2: Be
oxygen -
reluctant
to burn,
white
flame
water -
no
reaction
View source
reactions of group 2: Mg
oxygen - burns
easily
,
bright
white
flame
water - vigorous reaction with
steam
no reaction with cold
View source
reactions of group 2: Ca
oxygen - difficult to
ignite
,
red
flame
water - reacts
moderately
, hydroxide formed
View source
reactions of group 2: Sr
oxygen - difficult to
ignite
,
red
flame
water - reacts
rapidly
, hydroxide formed
View source
reactions of group 2: Ba
oxygen - difficult to
ignite
,
green
flame
water - reacts
vigorously
, hydroxide formed
View source
group 2 and water
M(s) + 2H2O(l) ->
M
(
OH
)
2
(s) + H2(g)
View source
group 2 and acid
-form
colourless
solutions of metal
salts
-dilute HCl - M (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
-d. H2SO4 - M (s) + H2SO4 (aq) → MSO4 (aq) + H2 (g)
View source
group 2 oxides and water: BeO
BeO(s) + H2O(l) --->
Be(OH
)
2
(aq)
View source
group 2 oxides and water: MgO
MgO(s) + H2O(l) ---> Mg(OH)2(aq)
-MgO is only slightly
soluble
therefore a weakly
alkaline
soln is formed pH10
View source
group 2 oxides and water: CaO
CaO(s) + H2O(l) ---> Ca(OH)2(aq)
-vigorous
reaction releases lots of energy which causes some
water
to boil off as the
CaO
solid lumo seems to expand and crack open pH11
View source
group 2 oxides and water: SrO
SrO(s) +
H2O
(l) ---> Sr(OH)2(aq)
View source
group 2 oxides and water: BaO
BaO(s) +
H2O
(l) ---> Ba(OH)2(aq)
View source
uses of group 2 elements
-commonly used in
agriculture
-limestone - impure
CaCo3
-quicklime -
CaO
, formed by thermal decom of CaCO3
-slaked lime - Ca(OH)2 formed when water added to
quicklime
-used to raise pH of
soil
-CaCO3 more commonly used because
cheaper
and
safer
to handle
View source
solubility of hydroxides
-solubilities mean that compounds have
different
uses
-solubility
increases
down the group
-Mg(OH)2 is
least
soluble
-Ba(OH)2 is the
most
soluble
Magnesium Hydroxide uses
-Mg(OH)2 is the
least
soluble
-can be used as
antacid
as it is
alkaline
and
neutralise
acids
-can be similarly used in
agriculture
to neutralise
acidic
soils
solubility of sulfates
-solubility
decreases
down group
-MgSO4 is the
most
soluble
-BaSO4 is the
least
soluble
Barium Sulfate uses
-its
insolubility
means its useful in medicine as
barium
meals
-barium meals are a form of
medical
tracer
that allows internal
tissues
and
organs
to be
imaged
-BaSO4
is toxic if it enters the
blood
stream
but because its
insoluble
, it cannot be
absorbed
- therefore safe to use
Metal Extraction
-magnesium
is used in extraction of
titanium
from titanium chloride via
displacement
reaction
TiCl4
+ 2Mg ------->
2MgCl2
+ Ti
Reactivity of group 2
-increased shielding
down
group makes
outer
electrons easier to
lose
-reactivity
increases
down group
melting points of group 2
-elements are
metallic
meaning the larger the
ion
, the
weaker
the attractive force as the force has to act over a
greater
distance
-melting point
decreases
down group
See similar decks
4.1 Group 2: The Alkaline Earth Metals
Edexcel A-Level Chemistry > Topic 4: Inorganic Chemistry and the Periodic Table
160 cards
1.2.2 Group 1: Alkali Metals
CCEA GCSE Chemistry > Unit 1: Structures, Trends, Chemical Reactions, Quantitative Chemistry and Analysis > 1.2 The Periodic Table
31 cards
4.1.1 Physical Properties
Edexcel A-Level Chemistry > Topic 4: Inorganic Chemistry and the Periodic Table > 4.1 Group 2: The Alkaline Earth Metals
83 cards
4.1.3 Solubility of Group 2 Compounds
Edexcel A-Level Chemistry > Topic 4: Inorganic Chemistry and the Periodic Table > 4.1 Group 2: The Alkaline Earth Metals
48 cards
4.1.2 Chemical Properties
Edexcel A-Level Chemistry > Topic 4: Inorganic Chemistry and the Periodic Table > 4.1 Group 2: The Alkaline Earth Metals
29 cards
3.2.5 Transition Metals (A-level only)
AQA A-Level Chemistry > 3.2 Inorganic Chemistry
223 cards
CP6 Testing for Organic Functional Groups
Edexcel A-Level Chemistry > Core Practicals
48 cards
P8.3 Beyond Earth
OCR GCSE Physics > Topic P8: Global Challenges
48 cards
3.2.5.2 Complex Formation
AQA A-Level Chemistry > 3.2 Inorganic Chemistry > 3.2.5 Transition Metals (A-level only)
40 cards
1.8 Metals and non-metals
AQA GCSE Chemistry > 1. Atomic structure and the periodic table
50 cards
3.2.5.1 General Properties of Transition Metals
AQA A-Level Chemistry > 3.2 Inorganic Chemistry > 3.2.5 Transition Metals (A-level only)
25 cards
8.2 Earth and Atmospheric Science
Edexcel GCSE Chemistry > Topic 8: Fuels and Earth Science
61 cards
P8.2 Powering Earth
OCR GCSE Physics > Topic P8: Global Challenges
55 cards
Topic 15: Transition Metals
Edexcel A-Level Chemistry
183 cards
AQA A-Level Chemistry
2987 cards
Edexcel A-Level Physics
3500 cards
AQA A-Level Accounting
2542 cards
OCR A-Level Politics
2799 cards
OCR A-Level French
2860 cards
Edexcel A-Level Spanish
423 cards
1. Group Theory
OCR A-Level Further Mathematics > Optional Papers > Additional Pure Mathematics
177 cards