Diet and Nutrition

• The energy balance equation is the relationship between the energy consumed and the energy expended
• Energy consumed and energy expended are both measure in calories
• Too much energy consumed, or too little energy expended can lead to excess energy being stored as fat - this leads to weight gain

  
• Too little consumed, or too much energy expended can lead to weight loss

  
• Maintaining a healthy weight requires a balance between the energy consumed and the energy expended

  
• Energy in and energy out do not have to balance every day - The energy equation needs to balance over time for people to maintain a healthy weight
• Understanding food , and what makes up a health diet allows people to manage their balance of energy
• People's level of physical activity are just as important as their diet when it comes to achieving energy balance
• Why is it unhealthy to regularly burn more calories than are eaten?

  This would cause significant weight loss
• Carbohydrates provide quick and efficient energy for movement
• Fruit, honey, biscuits, bread, rice, pasta, cereals are all examples of carbohydrates
• Proteins are responsible for the growth , repair and efficient working of all the body tissues
• Meat, fish, dairy, lentils, nuts, seeds are all examples of proteins
• Fats provide energy very slowly
• Fats protect the vital organs
• Fats help prevent heat loss
• Meat, cheese, cream, fish, nuts are all examples of fats
• Minerals are essential for processes such as bone growth/strength , nervous system , red blood cells, immune system
• Minerals are needed in small amounts only
• Calcium , iron and potassium are all examples of minerals
• What mineral can be found in milk, canned fish and broccoli?

  Calcium
• What mineral can be found in watercress, red meat and nuts?

  Iron
• What mineral can be found bananas, pulses and white meat?

  Potassium
• Vitamins are vital for the production of energy
• Vitamins are vital for the prevention of disease
• Vitamins are vital for the working of the metabolism
• Vitamins are needed in small amounts only
• What type of vitamin is found in liver, dairy, green veg and yellow fruits?

  Vitamin A
• What type of vitamin is found in vegetables, wholegrain cereals and peanuts?

  Vitamin B
• What type of vitamin is found in citrus fruit and vegetables?

  Vitamin C
• What type of vitamin is found in oily fish and eggs?

  Vitamin D
• Fibre is responsible for effective bowl function and healthy digestion
• Fruit, vegetables, nuts and cereals are all examples of fibre
• Water is the main component of blood and cells
• Water helps carry nutrients
• Water helps remove waste products
• Water helps regulate body temperature
• Fluids and foods contain water
• The 2 types of carbohydrate are simple carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates
• Sugars such as biscuits and jam are examples of simple carbohydrates